The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High-external-quantum-efficiency organic light-emitting devices
Abstract
We study the internal and external quantum efficiencies of vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices (OLED's). The internal quantum efficiency of OLED's based on tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum is calculated to be 5.7 times the observed external quantum efficiency ?(e), consistent with measurements. We demonstrate a shaped substrate that increases ?(e) by a factor of 1.9+/-0.2 over similar OLED's fabricated upon flat glass substrates and leads to a 100%-emissive aperture, i.e., the emitting area completely occupies the display area even in the presence of metal interconnects. We also discuss a substrate structure that increases ?(e) by an additional factor of 2. The high device efficiencies are promising for developing OLED-based displays with extremely low power consumption and increased operational lifetime.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Greenham, N. C., Friend, R. H., & Bradley, D. D. C. (1994) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.19940060612 · Cited by 575
Takada, N., Tsutsui, T., & Saito, S. (1993) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.110582 · Cited by 272
Garbuzov, D. Z., Forrest, S. R., Tsekoun, A. G., Burrows, P. E., Bulović, V., & Thompson, M. E. (1996) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.363447 · Cited by 54
Self-citation
Cited by
Quantum Dots and Their Multimodal Applications: A Review
Bera, D., Qian, L., Tseng, T.-K., & Holloway, P. H. (2010) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma3042260 · Cited by 1,365
Metadata
- Authors
- Gu, G., Garbuzov, D. Z., Burrows, P. E., Venkatesh, S., Forrest, S. R., & Thompson, M. E.
- Venue
- Optics Letters
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 1997-03-15
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 396
- ISSN
- 0146-9592 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-4794
- OpenAlex
- W2050052287
- Cited by
- 344
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 10.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: High-external-quantum-efficiency organic light-emitting devices. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1364/ol.22.000396
- The paper
- Gu, G., Garbuzov, D. Z., Burrows, P. E., Venkatesh, S., Forrest, S. R., & Thompson, M. E. (1997). High-external-quantum-efficiency organic light-emitting devices. Optics Letters. https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.22.000396
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
