What Is Life—and How Do We Search for It in Other Worlds?

McKay, Chris P·2004·PLoS Biology
DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020302

Cited by (189)

Items 101–189 of 189

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  9. Organic Catalytic Activity as a Method for Agnostic Life Detection
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  10. About Life Sciences and Related Technologies
    İbrahim İlker Özyiğit · 2020 · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
  11. Thermal Stability of (Bio)Carbonates: A Potential Signature for Detecting Life on Mars?
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  12. Ordering events in a developing genetic code
    Michael Yarus · 2024 · RNA Biology
  13. Putting Descartes before the horse: Quantum theories of consciousness
    Anil K. Seth · 2012 · Physics of Life Reviews
  14. Spectroscopic and spectrometric differentiation between abiotic and biogenic material on icy worlds
    Kevin Peter Hand, Christopher P. McKay, Carl B. Pilcher · 2010 · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union
  15. Habitability in the Solar System beyond the Earth and the search for life
    Christopher P. McKay · 2022 · Elsevier eBooks
  16. Instruments forIn SituSample Analysis
    Luther W. Beegle, Sabrina Feldman, P. V. Johnson, Christopher B. Dreyer · 2009
  17. The differences between natural and artificial life. Towards a definition of life
    Andrzej Gecow · 2010 · arXiv (Cornell University)
  18. Robust Monomer-Distribution Biosignatures in Evolving Digital Biota
    Evan D. Dorn, Christoph Adami · 2011 · Astrobiology
  19. Effect of pH on the Release of Amino Acids from Microorganisms via Subcritical Water Extraction
    Zuzana Cieslarová, Maria Fernanda Mora, Aaron Craig Noell, Ceth W. Parker, Peter A. Willis · 2024 · ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
  20. The Live Universe. A Biologist's Perspective
    Ricardo B. Ferreira, João Boavida Ferreira · 2017 · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
  21. God's preferential option for life: a Christian perspective on astrobiology
    Richard O. Randolph · 2009 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  22. Martian Methyl Chloride. A lesson in uncertainty
    William Bains · 2013 · arXiv (Cornell University)
  23. Membrane-Spanning Molecular Lengths as an Agnostic Biosignature
    Michael J. Malaska, Hilda Sandström, Amy E. Hofmann, Robert Hodyss, Linnea Rensmo, Mark van der Meulen, Martin Rahm, Morgan Leigh Cable, Jonathan I. Lunine · 2025 · Astrobiology
  24. Geological timeline of significant events on Earth
    Antony Joseph · 2023 · Elsevier eBooks
  25. The Fundamental Underpinning of Biological Theory of Spontaneous Generation in Biology
    Abdul Bari Hejran, Atiqullah Sarwari, Mohammad Hassan Hassand, Rahmuddin Ihsas, Uzair Mohammad Kakar · 2024 · European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
  26. Fatty Acid Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis and Contactless Conductivity Detection for Future Life Detection Missions
    Miranda G. M. Kok, Maria Fernanda Mora · 2024 · Electrophoresis
  27. Die oorsprong van die mens: "Laat Ons mense maak"
    Jaco S. Dreyer, Kobus van der Walt · 2023 · Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe
  28. Instruments and methods to search for extraterrestrial life
    Richard B. Hoover · 2015 · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
  29. Are We Alone? The Search for Life on Mars and Other Planetary Bodies
    Stephanie A. Smith, Andrzej J. Paszczynski, Susan E. Childers · 2018 · InTech eBooks
  30. Defining Life in a Non-Geocentric Way
    Johannes J. Leitner, Maria Gertrude Firneis · 2011 · epsc
  31. An Approach to Searching for Life on Mars, Europa, and Enceladus
    Christopher P. McKay · 2008 · Space sciences series of ISSI
  32. Order of events in a developing genetic code
    Michael Yarus · 2023 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  33. NUWA: Lifelike as a Design Strategy to Enhance Product’s Hedonic Qualities
    Yu-Sheng Tung, Wei-Chi Chien · 2023 · Lecture notes in computer science
  34. What is the Unit of Intelligence? Artificial Intelligence, Relational Ethics and the Earth System
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  35. Re-evaluating Boundary Conditions of the Concept of Life
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  36. Terrestrial Abiotic Synthesis of Simple Precursor Molecules Starting from Two Approaches: The Universality of Carbon Reduction
    Eloi Camprubí, Ben K. D. Pearce, Martina Preiner · 2026 · Astrobiology
  37. A Network of Tethered-Underliquid-Vehicle-Carrier Moballs to Explore The Surface of Europa, Titan, And other Planetary Bodies with Lakes
    Faranak Davoodi · 2017 · AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition
  38. An Exploration of the Concept of Life in Biology and Ṣadrian Theosophy
    Faraḥ Rāmīn · 2019 · Journal of Contemporary Islamic Studies
  39. Synthetic Biology: Culture and Bioethical Considerations
    Marcus K. Dymond · 2016 · CRC Press eBooks
  40. Evolución de la enseñanza de las aguas subterráneas en los libros de texto y diseño de una propuesta didáctica para su enseñanza en la educación secundaria
    Manuel De Pedro Rodríguez, Isabel Sonsoles de Soto García · 2023 · Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España
  41. Nanogap Solid-State Single-Molecule Detection at Mars, Europa, and Microgravity Conditions
    José L. Ramírez-Colón, Emma Johnson, Daniel Duzdevich, Sam Lee, Jason M. Soderblom, Maria T. Zuber, Masateru Taniguchi, Takahito Ohshiro, Yuki Komoto, Christopher E. Carr · 2024 · IEEE Aerospace Conference (AERO)
  42. Comparing the complexity of written and molecular symbolic systems
    Julia Esposito, Jyotika Kakar, Tasneem Khokhar, Tiana Noll-Walker, Fatima Omar, Anna Christen, Henderson James Cleaves, McCullen Sandora · 2024 · Biosystems
  43. Searching for Extraterrestrial Life Without a Definition or Universal Theory of Life
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  44. Challenges for a Universal Theory of Life
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  45. Can Artificial Intelligence Improve Our Health?
    Radu Grosu · 2021 · Strategies for sustainability
  46. Stochastic modeling of intracellular processes : bidirectional transport and microtubule dynamics
    Maximilian Ebbinghaus · 2010 · HAL
  47. Searching for an alternative form of life on Earth
    Paul Davies · 2007 · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
  48. Ontological classification of self-replicating organic structures
    Yongqun Oliver He · 2022
  49. Życie - przegląd metod definiowania zjawiska w kontekście biogenezy i egzobiologii
    M. Laskowski · 2012 · LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
  50. The Context of Changes for Land Resources Ecosystem in Urban Wild Area: Case Study of Wuhan City’s Metropolitan Area, People's Republic of China in 1999 - 2013
    Shukui Tan, Nattapat Rakwongwan, Yanin Rugwongwan · 2014 · Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform)
  51. The creation of synthetic life from scratch: Future reality or unattainable possibility?
    José María Gómez Gómez · 2011 · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
  52. Astrobiology
    Christopher P. McKay, Wanda L. Davis · 2007 · Elsevier eBooks
  53. Are Molecular Alphabets Universal Enabling Factors for the Evolution of Complex Life?
    Ian S. Dunn · 2013 · Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres
  54. In Situ Analysis of Organic Material with a Portable Mass Spectrometer
    Santosh Soparawalla, Jason S. Duncan, Anita M. Fisher, I. Kanik, Luther W. Beegle · 2012 · ASCE International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments (Earth and Space)
  55. The Anatomy of a Minimal Mind
    Vincent Joseph Torley · 2009
  56. Array-based Autoantibody Profiling and Epitope Mapping
    Arash Zandian · 2017 · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
  57. Does the discovery of the mimivirus call into question attempts to define life?
    Luca Love · 2018 · Bioscience Horizons The International Journal of Student Research
  58. A Shadow Biosphere: Alien Microbes on Earth?
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  59. The Enduring Legacy of Aristotle: The Battle over Life as Self-Organization or (Genetic-Based) Reproduction
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  60. Why Life Cannot Be Defined
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  61. Biological Background—Information, Energy, and Matter
    Jinzhi Lei · 2021 · Lecture notes on mathematical modelling in the life sciences
  62. How Scientific Theories Develop
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  63. Glaciopanspermia: Seeding the Terrestrial Planets with Life?
    Joop M. Houtkooper · 2012 · Cellular origin and life in extreme habitats
  64. Rethinking the Traditional Paradigm for Life: Lessons from the World of Microbes
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  65. Artificial Life: Could ALife Solve theN = 1N=1 Problem?
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  66. Introduction
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  67. Conclusion
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  68. References
    2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  69. Astrobiology
    Christopher P. McKay · 2008 · Elsevier eBooks
  70. Index
    Carol E. Cleland · 2019 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  71. Liquid water lake under ice in Mars’s southern hemisphere—Possibility of subsurface biosphere and life
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  72. Hunting for environments favorable to life on planets, moons, dwarf planets, and meteorites
    Antony Joseph · 2023 · Elsevier eBooks
  73. Hydrocarbon lakes and seas & internal ocean on Titan—Resemblance with primitive earth’s prebiotic chemistry
    Antony Joseph · 2023 · Elsevier eBooks
  74. การสรางรปแบบพฤตกรรมสำหรบศตรในเกมแอคชนสองมตแบบเนนตวละครโดยอตโนมตดวยเทคนคเหมองขอมล
    พิชิต พร้อมสุทธิพงศ์ · 2016
  75. A New Description of Survival Laws and Intelligence in Living Organism Applications and Relation with Swarm Intelligence Optimization
    Mansour Hadizadeh, Abbas Koochari, Arash Sharifi · 2024 · SSRN Electronic Journal
  76. A Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm Based on New Laws of Survival And Reinforcement Learning
    Mansour Hadizadeh, Abbas Koochari, Arash Sharifi · 2024 · SSRN Electronic Journal
  77. Cell as a reference point in medicine (185 years of cell theory)
    O. M. Grabovyi · 2024 · Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal
  78. A Fresh Start on the Problem of the Origin of Life
    Richard Gordon · 2024 · Wiley eBooks
  79. Classroom discussion based on the Drake equation
    Hristo Delev, Todorka L. Dimitrova · 2025 · South Florida Journal of Development
  80. Bioconstructions in Hypogean Paleoprecipitation Archives: Possible Models of Extraterrestrial Life
    Subhro Banerjee, Santa Ram Joshi · 2025 · Interdisciplinary biotechnological advances
  81. Life: A General Framework Across Substrates
    Eyad Zeid · 2026 · SSRN Electronic Journal
  82. Photochimie expérimentale en orbite terrestre et en laboratoire appliquée à la chimie organique dans le système solaire
    Y. Guan · 2010 · theses.fr (ABES)
  83. Stochastic modeling of intracellular processes : bidirectional transport and microtubule dynamics
    Maximilian Ebbinghaus · 2011
  84. 3D modelling of star-forming regions : the contribution of the graphical interface GASS to radiative transfer codes
    D. Quénard · 2016 · theses.fr (ABES)
  85. Investigation into the in situ detection of organic compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the context of martian surface missions
    Melissa Guzman · 2020 · theses.fr (ABES)
  86. Thermal analyses of (bio)carbonates as part of the search for traces of life in extraterrestrial environments
    Alexandra Perron · 2023
  87. Pareto Optimality: Another Way to Find Life?
    Charles H. Lineweaver · 2026 · Astrobiology
  88. Can Pareto Optimality Be Evidence of Life?
    Niall Rodgers, Corentin Loron, H. James Cleaves, Mark A. van Zuilen, Sean McMahon · 2026 · Astrobiology
  89. Thermal-fluid analysis of an RTG-powered ice penetrator for europa subsurface access: CFD modeling with phase-regime analysis
    Wang Xing · 2026 · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences