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Cited by 45Bacteriophages and microbial interactionsVibrio bacteria research studiesBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

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The Vibrio cholerae Seventh Pandemic Islands act in tandem to defend against a circulating phage

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O’Hara, Brendan J., Alam, Munirul, Ng, Wai-Leung·2022·PLOS Genetics
DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010250PMC PMC9455884

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Abstract

The current circulating pandemic El Tor biotype of Vibrio cholerae has persisted for over sixty years and is characterized by its acquisition of two unique genomic islands called the Vibrio Seventh Pandemic Islands 1 and 2 (VSP-I and VSP-II). However, the functions of most of the genes on VSP-I and VSP-II are unknown and the advantages realized by El Tor through these two islands are not clear. Recent studies have broadly implicated these two mobile genetic elements with phage defense. Still, protection against phage infection through these islands has not been observed directly in any V . cholerae El Tor biotype. Here we report the isolation of a circulating phage from a cholera patient stool sample and demonstrate that propagation of this phage in its native host is inhibited by elements in both VSP-I and VSP-II, providing direct evidence for the role of these genomic islands in phage defense. Moreover, we show that these defense systems are regulated by quorum sensing and active only at certain cell densities. Finally, we have isolated a naturally occurring phage variant that is resistant to the defense conferred by the VSP islands, illustrating the countermeasures used by phages to evade these defense mechanisms. Together, this work demonstrates a functional role for the VSPs in V . cholerae and highlights the key regulatory and mechanistic insights that can be gained by studying anti-phage systems in their native contexts.

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Metadata

Authors
O’Hara, B. J., Alam, M., & Ng, W.-L.
Affiliations
  • Tufts University (US)
  • International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
Corresponding author
Ng, Wai-Leung
ORCID
Venue
PLOS Genetics
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2022-08-26
Volume
18
Issue
8
Pages
e1010250
ISSN
  • 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
  • 1553-7404
DOI
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010250
PMC
PMC9455884
OpenAlex
W4293155768
Cited by
45
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 3
FWCI
5.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
new_version (2022-09-08)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI121337)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007310)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Vibrio bacteria research studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords
Vibrio cholerae, phage defense, bacteriophages, El Tor biotype, quorum sensing, cell density regulation, phage resistance, mobile genetic elements, genomic islands
MeSH terms
Bacteriophages, Cholera, Humans, Vibrio cholerae O1, Genomic Islands, Pandemics

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