The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Re-Visiting Trichuris trichiura Intensity Thresholds Based on Anemia during Pregnancy
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The intensity categories, or thresholds, currently used for Trichuris trichiura (ie. epg intensities of 1-999 (light); 1,000-9,999 epg (moderate), and ≥ 10,000 epg (heavy)) were developed in the 1980s, when there were little epidemiological data available on dose-response relationships. This study was undertaken to determine a threshold for T. trichiura-associated anemia in pregnant women and to describe the implications of this threshold in terms of the need for primary prevention and chemotherapeutic interventions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In Iquitos, Peru, 935 pregnant women were tested for T. trichiura infection in their second trimester of pregnancy; were given daily iron supplements throughout their pregnancy; and had their blood hemoglobin levels measured in their third trimester of pregnancy. Women in the highest two T. trichiura intensity quintiles (601-1632 epg and ≥ 1633 epg) had significantly lower mean hemoglobin concentrations than the lowest quintile (0-24 epg). They also had a statistically significantly higher risk of anemia, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.67 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.62) and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.74), respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This analysis provides support for categorizing a T. trichiura infection ≥ 1,000 epg as 'moderate', as currently defined by the World Health Organization. Because this 'moderate' level of T. trichiura infection was found to be a significant risk factor for anemia in pregnant women, the intensity of Trichuris infection deemed to cause or aggravate anemia should no longer be restricted to the 'heavy' intensity category. It should now include both 'heavy' and 'moderate' intensities of Trichuris infection. Evidence-based deworming strategies targeting pregnant women or populations where anemia is of concern should be updated accordingly.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“T. trichiuris infection has also been linked to anaemia and ineffective iron supplementation.”
From Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Nutritional Status in Children under Five Years Old: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [71]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture
de Silva, N. R., Brooker, S. J., Hotez, P. J., Montresor, A., Engels, D., & Savioli, L. (2003) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2003.10.002 · Cited by 1,162
Self-citationRescuing the bottom billion through control of neglected tropical diseases
Hotez, P. J., Fenwick, A., Savioli, L., & Molyneux, D. H. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60233-6 · Cited by 976
Efficacy of Current Drugs Against Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections
Keiser, J., & Utzinger, J. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.16.1937 · Cited by 801
N UTRITIONAL I MPACT OF I NTESTINAL H ELMINTHIASIS D URING THE H UMAN L IFE C YCLE
Crompton, D. W. T., & Nesheim, M. C. (2002) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.120501.134539 · Cited by 522
The public health significance of Trichuris trichiura
Stephenson, L. S., Holland, C. V., & Cooper, E. (2000) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182000006867 · Cited by 273
Albonico, M., Allen, H., Chitsulo, L., Engels, D., Gabrielli, A.-F., & Savioli, L. (2008) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000126 · Cited by 261
Brooker, S., Peshu, N. M., Warn, P. A., Mosobo, M., Guyatt, H. L., Marsh, K., & Snow, R. W. (1999) · Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90007-x · Cited by 170
Ezeamama, A. E., McGarvey, S. T., Acosta, L. P., Zierler, S., MANALO, D. L., Wu, H.-W., Kurtis, J. D., Mor, V., Olveda, R. M., & Friedman, J. F. (2008) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000245 · Cited by 130
Prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infections. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.
(1987) · PubMed · Cited by 115
Olsen, A., Magnussen, P., Ouma, J. H., Andreassen, J., & Friis, H. (1998) · Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90795-7 · Cited by 111
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [11]World Health Organization (1987) Prevention and Control of Intestinal Parasitic Iinfections. Report of a WHO Rxpert Comittee. Technical Report Series 749. Geneva: World Health Organization. 3111104
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fauziah, N., Aviani, J. K., Agrianfanny, Y. N., & Fatimah, S. N. (2022) · Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease · doi:10.3390/tropicalmed7110371 · Cited by 122
“Intestinal damage also causes a loss of appetite, resulting in less food and iron intake [71].”
BackgroundMolecular Diagnostics for Soil-Transmitted Helminths
O’Connell, E. M., & Nutman, T. B. (2016) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0266 · Cited by 108
McClure, E. M., Meshnick, S. R., Mungai, P., Malhotra, I. J., King, C. L., Goldenberg, R. L., Hudgens, M. G., Siega‐Riz, A. M., & Dent, A. E. (2014) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002724 · Cited by 97
Pregnancy and helminth infections
Mpairwe, H., Tweyongyere, R., & Elliott, A. M. (2014) · Parasite Immunology · doi:10.1111/pim.12101 · Cited by 90
Campbell, S. J., Nery, S. V., Doi, S. A. R., Gray, D. J., Magalhães, R. J. S., McCarthy, J. S., Traub, R. J., Andrews, R. M., & Clements, A. (2016) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004566 · Cited by 75
Metadata
- Authors
- Gyorkos, T. W., Gilbert, N. L., Larocque, R., Casapía, M., & Montresor, A.
- Affiliations
- McGill University Health Centre (CA)
- International Development Research Centre (CA)
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Gyorkos, Theresa W.
- Venue
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-09-13
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e1783
- ISSN
- 1935-2727 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-2735
- PMC
- PMC3441397
- OpenAlex
- W1966101023
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS neglected tropical diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship@McGill (McGill) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- McGill University
- McGill University Health Centre
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- Trichuris trichiura, trichuriasis, anemia in pregnancy, hemoglobin, dose-response relationship, iron supplementation, anthelmintic treatment, primary prevention, Iquitos
- MeSH terms
- Anemia, Animals, Blood Chemical Analysis, Female, Hemoglobins, Humans, Peru, Pregnancy, Severity of Illness Index, Trichuriasis, Trichuris, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Re-Visiting Trichuris trichiura Intensity Thresholds Based on Anemia during Pregnancy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001783
- The paper
- Gyorkos, T. W., Gilbert, N. L., Larocque, R., Casapía, M., & Montresor, A. (2012). Re-Visiting Trichuris trichiura Intensity Thresholds Based on Anemia during Pregnancy. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001783
