Acute Exercise Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Healthy Humans
Open accessAbstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis during starvation and has an excellent therapeutic potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in rodents and monkeys. Acute exercise affects glucose and lipid metabolism by increasing glucose uptake and lipolysis. However, it is not known whether acute exercise affects FGF21 expression. Here, we showed that serum FGF21 level is increased in mice after a single bout of acute exercise, and that this is accompanied by increased serum levels of free fatty acid, glycerol and ketone body. FGF21 gene expression was induced in the liver but not in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue of mice after acute exercise, and further, the gene expression levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) were also increased. In addition, we observed increased FGF21 level in serum of healthy male volunteers performing a treadmill run at 50 or 80% VO2max. These results suggest that FGF21 may also be associated with exercise-induced lipolysis in addition to increased catecholamines and reduced insulin.
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FGF21 levels are significantly higher in the recovery period than immediately post-exercise.
“Exercise intensity is a determinant of the magnitude of FGF21 release from the liver; its levels have been found to be significantly higher in the recovery period than immediately post-exercise.”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [155]
The Results section (‘Serum FGF21 Level is Increased in Healthy Subjects after Acute Exercise’; page unavailable) reports that serum FGF21 was significantly higher after one hour of recovery than before exercise, while immediately post-exercise levels did not differ from pre-exercise levels. It does not report a significant direct comparison between recovery and immediately post-exercise levels. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHigher FGF21 levels were observed 1 h following treadmill running for 30 min at 80% VO2 max versus 50% VO2 max in healthy sedentary adults.
“Higher FGF21 levels were observed 1 h following treadmill running for 30 min at 80% VO2 max versus 50% VO2 max in healthy sedentary adults [155].”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [155]
The Results section reports higher serum FGF21 one hour after 30 minutes of treadmill running at 80% VO2max than after running at 50% VO2max. Methods §2.2 describes the participants as healthy, non-athletic men, but does not establish that they were sedentary. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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References 27 · Cited by 290
- Authors
- Kim, K. H., Kim, S. H., Min, Y.-K., Yang, H.-M., Lee, J.-B., & Lee, M.-S.
- Affiliations
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
- Soonchunhyang University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Jeong-Beom
- Lee, Myung-Shik
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-05-07
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e63517
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3646740
- OpenAlex
- W2051977733
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation
- National Research Foundation of Korea (K21004000003-12A0500-00310)
- Samsung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Keywords
- FGF21, acute exercise, energy homeostasis, PPARα, ATF4, hepatic gene expression, free fatty acids, ketone bodies, glycerol, type 2 diabetes, treadmill running, skeletal muscle, white adipose tissue
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Health, Humans, Liver, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Exercise, PPAR alpha, Mice, Activating Transcription Factor 4, Young Adult
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