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Genetically Modified Crops and Food Security
Open accessAbstract
The role of genetically modified (GM) crops for food security is the subject of public controversy. GM crops could contribute to food production increases and higher food availability. There may also be impacts on food quality and nutrient composition. Finally, growing GM crops may influence farmers' income and thus their economic access to food. Smallholder farmers make up a large proportion of the undernourished people worldwide. Our study focuses on this latter aspect and provides the first ex post analysis of food security impacts of GM crops at the micro level. We use comprehensive panel data collected over several years from farm households in India, where insect-resistant GM cotton has been widely adopted. Controlling for other factors, the adoption of GM cotton has significantly improved calorie consumption and dietary quality, resulting from increased family incomes. This technology has reduced food insecurity by 15-20% among cotton-producing households. GM crops alone will not solve the hunger problem, but they can be an important component in a broader food security strategy.
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“However, research shows that cultivation of GM crops does not pose any specific health 21 or environmental risks, but instead can bring benefits to local farmers [8-11].”
From Fatal attraction: the intuitive appeal of GMO opposition (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
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Cites
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Items 201–225 of 225
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Тркуља, В., Janjić, V., & Pržulj, N. (2020) · Edicija Održivi razvoj i upravljanje prirodnim resursima Republike Srpske. · doi:10.7251/eoru2003537t
Opoku–Mensah, S., Asiedu, C. Y., & Sarfo, B. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4856566
TRANSFORMING AGRICULTURE: THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
GROSU, P.-S. (2024) · Journal of Financial Studies · doi:10.55654/jfs.2024.9.sp.18
Understanding Genetically Modified Crops (GMOs): Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Ahtisham, M., & Obaid, Z. (2024) · Premier Journal of Plant Biology · doi:10.70389/pjpb.100003
Curbing food insecurity through GM foods: Islamic ethical perspectives
Halim, N. (2025) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781035333585.00011
Security and political instability: a nexus between food, water, health and climate change?
Simões, J. C. M. (2025) · JANUS NET e-journal of International Relation · doi:10.26619/1647-7251.dt0225.5
Plant Biotechnology and the Quest for Sustainable Agriculture: An Introduction
Wani, K. I., Naeem, A. M., & Aftab, T. (2025) · CABI biotechnology series. · doi:10.1079/9781800627659.0001
Justus, S. N., Mchopa, A. D., & Killagane, S. B. (2024) · African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies · doi:10.64717/ajass.v2i1.108
Yang, Z., Jiang, Y., Feng, Y., & Wang, G. (2025) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2025.2572191
Chegini, C. (2021) · Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch · doi:10.31031/jbb.2021.02.000547
Public Perception and Consumer Attitudes Toward GMOs
Khattak, W. A., Hassan, S., Abbasi, B. A., Khan, A., Batool, I., Iqbal, J., Anas, M., & Alyas, S. (2026) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394373642.ch20
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Chen, Q., Zhang, Y. Y., & Zilberman, D. (2026) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-025-03068-5
Cotton insect resistance and integrated pest management: current research and future directions
Xu, X., Zhou, L., Wang, P., Fu, J., Liu, X., Guo, W., Su, X., Cheng, H., & Guo, H. (2026) · Journal of Cotton Research · doi:10.1186/s42397-026-00274-0
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Saddique, M. A. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-92-2642-9_10
Tsymbal, L. I., & Murakhovskyi, M. V. (2026) · THE PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY · doi:10.32983/2222-0712-2026-2-414-421
Genome editing beyond transgenes: DNA-free technologies in crop improvement
Senthilkumar, R., Palaniswamy, R., Rathnasamy, S. A., Rajagopalan, V. R., Eswaran, K., Sengodan, R., Govindasamy, A. K., Muthurajan, R., Kanagarajan, S., & Sudha, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1942730
Metadata
- Authors
- Qaim, M., & Kouser, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad (PK)
- Corresponding author
- Qaim, Matin
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-06-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e64879
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3674000
- OpenAlex
- W2156375892
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 19.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- GRO (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Security and Socioeconomic Dynamics
- Keywords
- genetically modified crops, food security, insect-resistant cotton, smallholder farmers, household income, calorie consumption, diet quality, food insecurity, technology adoption, India
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Agriculture, Energy Intake, Gossypium, Data Collection, Food Supply, Humans, India, Middle Aged, Crops, Agricultural, Plants, Genetically Modified
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