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Socio-economic disadvantage and quality Antenatal Care (ANC) in Sierra Leone: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Reduction of maternal mortality remains a global priority as highlighted by the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). This is critical in the case of Sierra Leone as the country is one of three (3) countries with the highest maternal mortality ratio globally, thus 1,120 per 100,000 live births. The approximate lifetime risk of maternal mortality in the country is 1 in 17, relative to 1 in 3,300 in high-income countries. These raise doubt about the quality of the continuum of maternal healthcare in the country, particularly antenatal care and as a result, the objective of the present study is to investigate the association between socio-economic disadvantage and quality antenatal care service utilisation as well as associated correlates in Sierra Leone. Materials and methods: The study used data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of Sierra Leone. Only women who had given birth in the five years preceding the survey were included, which is 6,028. Quality antenatal care was defined as receipt of recommended ANC services including uptake of recommended pregnancy drugs (e.g. Fansidar and iron supplement); injections (e.g. tetanus injection) and having some samples (e.g. blood and urine sample) and health status indicators (e.g. blood pressure) taken. An index was created from these indicators with scores ranging from 0 to 6. The scores 0 to 5 were labelled as “incomplete” and 6 was labelled as “complete” and this was used to create a dummy variable. In analysing the data, descriptive analysis was done using chi-square test as well as an inferential analysis using bivariate and multivariate models. Results: Socio-economic disadvantaged [1.46 (1.09, 1.95), place of residence [2.29 (1.43, 3.67)], frequency of listening to radio [1.58 (1.20, 2.09)], health insurance coverage [3.48 (1.40, 8.64)], getting medical help for self: permission to go [0.53(0.42, 0.69) were seen to have significant relationship with quality of ANC utilized by women during pregnancy. Also, women Mende ethnicity are more likely to utilise quality ANC compared to women from the Temne ethnicity [2.58 (1.79, 3.72)]. Conclusion: Policy makers could consider measures to boost patronage of quality ANC in Sierra Leone by targeting the socio-economically disadvantaged women. Targeting these sub-groups with pro- maternal and child health (MCH) interventions would help Sierra Leone achieve Goal 3 of the SDGs.
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“Studies by Dickson et al. [36], Sserwanja et al. [37], and Fullah et al. [38] consistently identify financial barriers to access healthcare among reproductive-age women in Sierra Leone, thereby contributing to high maternal morbidity and mortality rates.”
From Financial barriers to healthcare access among reproductive-age women in Sierra Leone: evidence from demographic health surveys of 2008, 2013, and 2019 (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dickson, K. S., Kwabena Ameyaw, E., Akpeke, M., Mottey, B. E., Adde, K. S., & Esia-Donkoh, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Cape Coast (GH)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Adde, Kenneth Setorwu
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2023-01-12
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e0280061
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9836291
- OpenAlex
- W4315754109
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 8.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Greater South Information System
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- socioeconomic deprivation, prenatal care quality, maternal mortality, Sierra Leone, health insurance coverage, place of residence, ethnicity, Mende, Temne, radio listening, continuum of care, pregnant women, Sustainable Development Goal 5, health equity, health policy recommendations, health care financing, health system strengthening
- MeSH terms
- Child, Female, Humans, Maternal Health Services, Maternal Mortality, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Sierra Leone, Socioeconomic Factors, Parturition
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