The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Disease Management Programs In Germany’s Statutory Health Insurance System
Abstract
The introduction in 1996 of free choice among sickness funds in Germany was accompanied by a "risk structure compensation" (RSC) mechanism based on average spending by age and sex. Because chronically ill people were not adequately taken into account, competition for newly insured consumers concentrated on the healthy. The introduction in 2002 of disease management programs addresses this problem: Insured people in such programs are treated as a separate RSC category, making them a more "attractive" group that no longer generates a deficit. The degree of sickness fund activities and the fierce dispute with physicians are valid indicators that the incentives work.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Busse, R., Blümel, M., Knieps, F., & Bärnighausen, T. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31280-1 · Cited by 426
Self-citationSchoen, C., Osborn, R., Huynh, P. T., Doty, M., Peugh, J., & Zapert, K. (2006) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.25.w555 · Cited by 331
Gensichen, J., von Korff, M., Peitz, M., Muth, C., Beyer, M., Güthlin, C., Torge, M., Petersen, J. J., Rosemann, T., König, J., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-6-200909150-00001 · Cited by 181
Disease Management Programs for Type 2 Diabetes in Germany
Fuchs, S., Henschke, C., Blümel, M., & Busse, R. (2014) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2014.0453 · Cited by 102
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Busse, R.
- Venue
- Health Affairs
- Publisher
- Health Affairs Publishing, LLC
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 56-67
- ISSN
- 0278-2715 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-5208
- OpenAlex
- W1979880960
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 34.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Disease Management Programs In Germany’s Statutory Health Insurance System. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1377/hlthaff.23.3.56
- The paper
- Busse, R. (2004). Disease Management Programs In Germany’s Statutory Health Insurance System. Health Affairs. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.23.3.56
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
