The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Agroecology, Small Farms, and Food Sovereignty
Abstract
Global forces are challenging the ability of developing countries to feed themselves. A number of countries have organized their economies around a competitive export-oriented agricultural sector, based mainly on monocultures. It may be argued that agricultural exports of crops such as soybeans from Brazil make significant contributions to the national economies by bringing in hard currency that can be used to purchase other goods from abroad. However, this type of industrial agriculture also brings a variety of economic, environmental, and social problems, including negative impacts on public health, ecosystem integrity, food quality, and in many cases disruption of traditional rural livelihoods, while accelerating indebtedness among thousands of farmers.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In contrast, agroecology, defined as the application of ecological concepts and principles to the design and management of sustainable food systems, is promoted as an integrated and holistic approach capable of addressing multiple crises in the food system [10,11].”
From Agroecological Transition: A Territorial Examination of the Simultaneity of Limited Farmer Livelihoods and Food Insecurity (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Literature on small farms identifies various contributions they make for the greater good: conserve natural resources, soil, and water, and serve as a sanctuary of agrobiodiversity [11,62]”
From Agroecological Transition: A Territorial Examination of the Simultaneity of Limited Farmer Livelihoods and Food Insecurity (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
Linking Ecologists and Traditional Farmers in the Search for Sustainable Agriculture
Altieri, M. A. (2004) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0035:leatfi]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 673
Self-citationAgroecology: Ecological Processes in Sustainable Agriculture
(1999) · Restoration Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1526-100x.1999.72014.x · Cited by 574
Reducing food poverty by increasing agricultural sustainability in developing countries
Pretty, J. N., Morison, J. I. L., & Hine, R. E. (2003) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(02)00087-7 · Cited by 508 · cited 1×
“edge systems spearheaded by thousands of farmers, NGOs, and some government and academic institutions have been shown to enhance food security while conserving natural resources, biodiversity, and soil and water throughout hundreds of rural communities in several regions.(3) The science of agroecology—the application…”
BackgroundLin, B. B. (2007) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.12.009 · Cited by 467
Indigenous Agricultural Revolution
Richards, P. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003383734 · Cited by 373
Holt-Giménez, E. (2006) · Cited by 321
Francis, C. A. (1986) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 280
Harvest Security and Intraspecific Diversity in Traditional Tropical Agriculture
Clawson, D. L. (1985) · Economic Botany · doi:10.1007/bf02861175 · Cited by 187
2 Prehistoric agricultural methods as models for sustainability
Denevan, W. M. (1995) · Advances in plant pathology · doi:10.1016/s0736-4539(06)80004-8 · Cited by 133
Food is Different: Why We Must Get the WTO out of Agriculture
Rosset, P. M. (2006) · Cited by 124
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 577
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.010 · Cited by 1
Pollans, M. J. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108278010.011 · Cited by 1
How Can Middle-of-the-Chain Organizations Improve Farmer Livelihoods and Reduce Food Insecurity?
Katre, A., Raddatz, B., Swanson, B., & Turgeon, T. (2025) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture15030251 · Cited by 1
Sustainable Development for People or Profit?
Weaver, E. (2015) · Suburban Sustainability · doi:10.5038/2164-0866.3.1.1019 · Cited by 1
Fernandez, M. (2015) · ScholarWorks -A service of University of Vermont Libraries (University of Vermont) · Cited by 1
Are Soils Taken into Consideration by the IPBES Assessment on Land Degradation and Restoration?
Desrousseaux, M., Kotiaho, J. S., & Kohler, F. (2017) · International yearbook of soil law and policy · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42508-5_13 · Cited by 1
Gizicki-Neundlinger, M., Gingrich, S., & Güldner, D. (2017) · Human-environment interactions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69236-4_6 · Cited by 1
Governing large-scale farmland acquisitions in Québec: the conventional family farm model questioned
Gheller, F. (2018) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-018-9855-7 · Cited by 1
Upscaling Agroecology: A Marxist Political Economy Approach to the “Feed the World” Debate
Peng, Z. (2018) · World Review of Political Economy · doi:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.9.2.0188 · Cited by 2
Sustainable Agro-Food Production
Bilali, H. E. (2019) · Historiographies of science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69626-3_52-1 · Cited by 1
Palm Oil Diaspora: Afro-Brazilian Landscapes and Economies on Bahia's Dendê Coast
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cited by 1
Whole Plant, Plantlet and DNA Conservation
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.015 · Cited by 1
REFRAMING INDIGENOUS FARMING IN THE AGE OF NEOLIBERAL AGRARIAN CHANGE: LESSONS FROM SABAH, MALAYSIA
Suadik, M., & Shrestha, K. K. (2020) · Jurnal Kinabalu · doi:10.51200/ejk.vi.2760 · Cited by 1
Etmanski, C. (2017) · SensePublishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-6351-050-9 · Cited by 1
An education in gender and agroecology in Brazil’s Landless Rural Workers’ Movement
Schwendler, S. F., & Thompson, L. A. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781351207874-6 · Cited by 1
Biophysical Approaches to Food System Analysis in Latin America
Ramos-Martín, J., & Falconí, F. (2023) · Studies in ecological economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_12 · Cited by 1
Chigumira, E. (2014) · Cited by 1
Zonas de Reserva Campesina. An alternative model for rural development in Colombia
Blok, A. (2016) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 1
Gambling, S. J. (2016) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0228575 · Cited by 1
Technology development and market access: from a food sovereignty perspective
Quaye, W. (2012) · doi:10.18174/238094 · Cited by 1
From the Ground Up: Herbaceous Community Diversity and Management in Coffee Agroforestry Systems
Archibald, S. (2019) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 1
Siegner, A. B. (2019) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 1
Cultural Sustainability and Rural Food Tourism in Two Canadian Wine Regions
Robinson, D. (2020) · The Atrium (University of Guelph) · Cited by 1
Vallero, D. A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-28987-3.00011-4 · Cited by 1
Woudneh, A. F. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5824871/v1 · Cited by 1
Sánchez, C. G. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/bc9e8f38z8b22z4f6dz9c51z315c440acd35 · Cited by 1
Ferrara, A., Göldel, B., Arcuri, S., Galli, F., Massari, S., Gallo, G., Mignani, C., Vergamini, D., & Cavicchi, A. (2026) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-026-07057-x · Cited by 1
Tyler, S. (2014) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)
Aguilar, M. Á., & Wuilder, A. (2012)
SFSGEC - SYNTHESIS - Sustainable food systems and global environmental change
Shilomboleni, H. (2015) · Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l alimentation · doi:10.15353/cfs-rcea.v2i2.110
Women and Food Sovereignty: gendered perspectives from Chaupiuno, Bolivia
Lambie, S. M. (2012) · Summit (Simon Fraser University)
Agriculture, food security and inclusive growth
Francis, C. A. (2015) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2015.1004897
The Plant Variety Protection Law in Malaysia: Issues on Protection of Farmers’ Rights
Musa, M. K., Ghadas, Z. A. A., & Radzi, M. S. N. M. (2015) · Journal of Management Research · doi:10.5296/jmr.v7i2.6941
Lessa, A. C. (2015) · Meridiano 47 - Journal of Global Studies · doi:10.20889/m47e16016
How Does Localized Social Economy Sustain in a Globalizing World
Kumbamu, A. (2011)
The limitations of smart subsidies : a case study of Malawi’s Farm Input Subsidy Programme
Sadomba, C. L. (2015) · Saint Mary's University Institutional Repository (Saint Mary's University)
Nessly, D. (2020) · Western CEDAR (Western Washington University) · doi:10.25710/9tn6-x457
Tīsenkopfs, T., & ̄mane, S. Š. (2014) · 11th European IFSA Symposium, Farming Systems Facing Global Challenges: Capacities and Strategies, Proceedings, Berlin, Germany, 1-4 April 2014
Making a Case for Farmers' Rights for the Benefit of Farmers under the Malaysian Plant Variety Law
Musa, M. K., Ghadas, Z. A. A., Radzi, M. S. N. M., Radzi, & Abidin, Z. (2015)
Fraňková, E., & Cattaneo, C. (2017) · Human-environment interactions · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69236-4_7
Māori Women Promoting Food Sovereignty in Aotearoa (New Zealand)
Stein, K. (2018) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago)
Sbicca, J. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315737478-50
Relações de trabalho, gênero e geração das jovens camponesas em assentamentos de reforma agrária
Schwendler, S. F., Vieira, C. R., & do Amaral, M. R. (2018) · Mediações Revista de Ciências Sociais · doi:10.5433/2176-6665.2018v23n3p248
Global agricultural trade and genetic resources as a point of contention
Barbosa, R., & Pfrimer, M. H. (2018) · Ateliê Geográfico · doi:10.5216/ag.v12i3.56711
Scott, C. M. (2019) · UWSpace (University of Waterloo)
Kesselman, B. (2017) · ResearchSpace (University of KwaZulu-Natal)
Listening to the Voice of Pachamama
Cazar, P. C. (2018) · LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing eBooks
Trade Policies and Organic Food
Bhattacharya, S. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_361-1
INFLUENCE OF ELEVATED CO₂ ON AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS: A REVIEW
Pedroso, R. M., & Dourado, D. (2020) · BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura · doi:10.37856/bja.v95i2.3977 · Cited by 1
Kuslits, B. (2021) · CUB Ph.D. Dissertations (Corvinus University of Budapest) · doi:10.14267/phd.2021010
Mansourian, S., Vira, B., & Wildburger, C. (2019)
Establishing the Social, Political and Ethical Context
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.004
(Agro)ecologia politica dei conflitti per la terra e il cibo in Ecuador
Giunta, I. (2020) · Geography Notebooks · doi:10.7358/gn-2020-002-giun
THE STATE OF FAMILY FARMERS IN THREE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AMERICA
Shahin, H., & Penha‐Lopes, G. (2020) · BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura · doi:10.37856/bja.v95i3.4264
Conservation Strategies and Techniques
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.009
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.020
Frankel, M. (2019) · doi:10.31979/etd.nfg7-3gjd
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.007
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.006
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.003
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.008
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0001
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0004
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0005
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0007
In the Shadow of Sustainable Development
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0002
Scaling Up the Values Themselves
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0006 · Cited by 1
Grassroots Sustainability in a Concrete Landscape
Ergas, C. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197544099.003.0003 · Cited by 1
Edible Green Infrastructure in the United States: Policy at the Municipal Level
Coffey, S. E. (2020) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)
ASSET MAPPING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH CAROLINA
Stief, C., Li, Y., & Zheng, W. (2015) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
"Things need to change around here." The Diversification of a Small Farm in Northwest New Jersey
Stephens, C. (2012) · ScholarWorks -A service of University of Vermont Libraries (University of Vermont)
Agricultural biotechnology—challenges and cautions
Zimdahl, R. L. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823667-3.00003-3
Assembling an Afro-Brazilian Economy
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.002
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.009
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.016
(2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.010
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.021
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.013
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.001
Landscapes, Religions, Transitions
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.007
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.018
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.001
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.002
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.017
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.003
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.004
Watkins, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778893.008
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.014
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.023
Maxted, N., Hunter, D., & Ríos, R. O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139024297.005
Ambalam, K. (2017) · The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology · doi:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos0574
Metadata
- Authors
- Altieri, M. A.
- Corresponding author
- Altieri, Miguel A.
- ORCID
- Altieri, Miguel A.
- Venue
- Monthly Review
- Publisher
- Monthly Review Foundation
- Published
- 2009-07-08
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 102
- ISSN
- 0027-0520 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2061958344
- Cited by
- 575
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 47.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Monthly Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Development › Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Social Sciences › Development › Rural Development and Agriculture
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Latin American rural development
- Keywords
- agroecology, small farms, food sovereignty, industrial agriculture, export-oriented agriculture, monoculture, soybean exports, rural livelihoods, farm debt, food security, developing countries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review