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The development of principal change leadership emotional intelligence model
Abstract
The main purpose of the study was to develop a substantiated Principals Change Leadership Emotional Intelligence (PCLEI) model to identify critical PCLEI that maximises change effectiveness in Malaysian secondary schools. It adopted a survey method with 731 school principals as respondents. It was tested rigorously with Rasch analysis and structural equation modelling. The analysis yielded a four-factor PCLEI model namely, Emotional Perceiving and Expressing, Emotional Utilisation, Emotional Understanding and Emotional Regulation with normed chi-square = 1.613, TLI = .971, CFI = .978 and RMSEA = .046. This is a coherent premier tested model derived in a local education setting with good convergent validity, discriminant validity and composite reliability. It would benefit educational practitioners in planning, designing and evaluating future training programs for present and prospective school principals.
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“The structural equation model of the model revealed that principals with high emotional perception scores were better equipped to navigate reform resistance.”
From The Direct and Cascading Impacts of School Leaders’ Emotional Intelligence on Teachers and Students: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Kareem & Kin, 2018
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Sasere, O. B., & Matashu, M. (2025) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15091168 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Kareem, O. A., & Kin, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Sultan Idris Education University (MY)
- ORCID
- Kin, Tai Mei
- Venue
- International Journal of Management in Education
- Publisher
- Inderscience Publishers
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 276
- ISSN
- 1750-385X (ISSN-L)
- 1750-3868
- OpenAlex
- W4252881231
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Management in Education (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotional Intelligence and Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › School Leadership and Teacher Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Leadership and Practices
- Keywords
- emotional intelligence, school principals, educational leadership, leadership change, emotion regulation, emotional understanding, secondary schools, principal preparation programs, Malaysian schools
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The development of principal change leadership emotional intelligence model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1504/ijmie.2018.092871
- The paper
- Kareem, O. A., & Kin, T. M. (2018). The development of principal change leadership emotional intelligence model. International Journal of Management in Education. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmie.2018.092871
