The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Class Dynamics of Agrarian Change
Abstract
Henry Bernstein argues that class dynamics should be the starting point of any analysis of agrarian change. Providing an accessible introduction to agrarian political economy, he shows clearly how the argument for "bringing class back in" provides an alternative to inherited conceptions of the agrarian question. He also ably illustrates what is at stake in different ways of thinking about class dynamics and the effects of agrarian change in today's globalized world.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Our ' diversifiers and strugglers ' are equally similar to what Bernstein (2010) refers to as ' classes of labour ' , engaged in a diversity of activities beyond agricultural production.”
From Tobacco, contract farming, and agrarian change in Zimbabwe (2018) · cites this paper as Bernstein (2010)
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 999
Agrarian class relations in Rwanda: a labour-centred perspective
Illien, P., Niño, H. P., & Bieri, S. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1923008 · Cited by 16
COVID-19, lockdown and peasants in Zimbabwe
Tom, T. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1933455 · Cited by 15
Gender and Rural Livelihoods: Agricultural Commercialization and Farm/Non-Farm Diversification
Djurfeldt, A. A. (2018) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0004 · Cited by 17
Ekers, M. (2018) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2018.1512487 · Cited by 15
Feeding Dar es Salaam: a symbiotic food system perspective
Wegerif, M. C. A. (2017) · doi:10.18174/414390 · Cited by 17
Marco, I., Padró, R., & Tello, E. (2020) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12359 · Cited by 14
Unks, R. R., Goldman, M. J., Mialhe, F., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2022.2160630 · Cited by 14
Ayelazuno, J. A. (2018) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.06.027 · Cited by 14
Jan, M. A. (2019) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12302 · Cited by 14
Levidow, L., Sansolo, D. G., & Schiavinatto, M. (2019) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2019.1683003 · Cited by 14
Hornby, D., & Cousins, B. (2019) · Anthropology Southern Africa · doi:10.1080/23323256.2019.1653206 · Cited by 14
Emerging Class Relations in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam: A Network Analysis
Prota, L., & Beresford, M. (2011) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0366.2011.00334.x · Cited by 14
Moral economies and markets: ‘Insider’ cassava trading in Kon Tum, Vietnam
To, P. X., Mahanty, S., & Dressler, W. (2016) · Asia Pacific Viewpoint · doi:10.1111/apv.12119 · Cited by 14
Questiaux, F., & Pouliot, M. (2025) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12620 · Cited by 14
Extracting labour from the neighbour: class dynamics of agrarian change in Sumatran oil palm
Habibi, M. (2022) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2022.2026330 · Cited by 13
Caste, diversification, and the contemporary agrarian question in India: A field perspective
Yadav, S. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12487 · Cited by 13
Goetz, J. M. (2022) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106012 · Cited by 13
Herrera, I. R. (2025) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2024.2435557 · Cited by 19
Agrarian Movements in the Neoliberal Era: : The Case of MVIWATA in Tanzania
Martiniello, G., & Nyamsenda, S. (2018) · Agrarian South Journal of Political Economy A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES · doi:10.1177/2277976018779860 · Cited by 13
Expulsion by pollution: the political economy of land grab for industrial parks in rural China
Hua, L., & Pan, L. (2020) · Globalizations · doi:10.1080/14747731.2020.1724244 · Cited by 13
Land and small farmer resistance in authoritarian Egypt
Bush, R. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12488 · Cited by 13
Three populisms and two dead ends: Variants of agrarian populism in Thailand
Pye, O., & Chatuthai, N. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12504 · Cited by 13
Dobler-Morales, C., Lorenzen, M., Ramírez, Q. O., et al. (2022) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106074 · Cited by 13
Disparate but not antagonistic: Classes of labour in cotton production in Burkina Faso
Engels, B. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12514 · Cited by 13
Gizicki-Neundlinger, M., & Güldner, A. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9020265 · Cited by 18
Hiraldo, R. (2018) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12247 · Cited by 13
The Status of Smallholder Farmers in Nepal’s Agricultural Development Strategy (2015–2035)
Roka, H. (2017) · Agrarian South Journal of Political Economy A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES · doi:10.1177/2277976017745197 · Cited by 13
Redistribution and recognition: land reforms in Kerala and the limits of culturalism
Mannathukkaren, N. (2011) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2011.559014 · Cited by 13
Selwyn, B., & Bernhold, C. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780191994906.001.0001 · Cited by 12
New Subaltern Politics: Reconceptualising Hegemony and Resistance in Contemporary India
Pattenden, J. (2019) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2019.1589050 · Cited by 12
Hofman, I. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d études du développement · doi:10.1080/02255189.2020.1788519 · Cited by 12
Politics and the Environment in Eastern Europe
Krasznai Kovács, E. (2021) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0244 · Cited by 12
Sugarcane Commercialization and Gender Experiences in the Zambian “Sweetest Town”
Manda, S. (2022) · Feminist Economics · doi:10.1080/13545701.2022.2079697 · Cited by 12
Panosetti, F., & Roudart, L. (2023) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2023.2277748 · Cited by 12
Graf, J., Lucht, K., Lütten, J., & Verlag, C. (2022) · Campus Verlag eBooks · doi:10.12907/978-3-593-44718-6 · Cited by 14
Critical sustainability science: advancing sustainability transformations
Longo, S. B., Isgren, E., & Carolan, M. (2025) · Sustainability Science · doi:10.1007/s11625-025-01667-x · Cited by 17
‘African Peasants and Revolution’ revisited
Bernstein, H. (2014) · Review of African Political Economy · doi:10.1080/03056244.2014.976365 · Cited by 12
Self-citationFamily, territory, nation: post-neoliberal agroecological scaling in Nicaragua
McCune, N. (2016) · Food Chain · doi:10.3362/2046-1887.2016.008 · Cited by 12
Moving past the problematisation of tobacco farming: insights from South India
Nithya, N. (2017) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053471 · Cited by 12
Rural differentiation and rural change: Microlevel evidence from Kenya
Fibæk, M. (2021) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12439 · Cited by 14
Xu, H., & Ye, J. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1907352 · Cited by 12
Graf, S. L., & Oya, C. (2021) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103229 · Cited by 12
Meehan, P. (2021) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12446 · Cited by 12
Matteo, F. D. (2022) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220388.2022.2043279 · Cited by 12
Dieng, R. S. (2022) · Africa Development · doi:10.57054/ad.v47i3.2678 · Cited by 13
Uneven ores: Gold mining materialities and classes of labor in Indonesia
Libassi, M. (2023) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.01.013 · Cited by 12
Vélez‐Torres, I., & Agergaard, J. (2014) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.03.001 · Cited by 14
African Green Revolution, food sovereignty and constrained livelihood choice in Mozambique
Shilomboleni, H. (2018) · Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines · doi:10.1080/00083968.2018.1483833 · Cited by 12
Plantation assemblages and spaces of contested development in Sierra Leone and Cambodia
Hennings, A. (2018) · Conflict Security and Development · doi:10.1080/14678802.2018.1532640 · Cited by 12
E.Sullivan, L. (2009) · The SAGE Glossary of the Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.4135/9781412972024.n1911 · Cited by 12
Chandran, M. C. S., Sahib, P. R., Achuthan, K., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2025.2557083 · Cited by 11
Industrial Tree Plantations and the Land Rush in China
Xu, Y. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003000891 · Cited by 11
Manufactured regional crises: The Middle East and North Africa under global food regimes
Riachi, R., & Martiniello, G. (2023) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12547 · Cited by 13
A framework for understanding land control transfer in agricultural commodity frontiers
del Giorgio, O. (2023) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12560 · Cited by 12
Eco-social foundations of capitalist value chains
Selwyn, B. (2025) · New Political Economy · doi:10.1080/13563467.2025.2531000 · Cited by 12
Omoto, R., & Scott, S. (2016) · Asia Pacific Viewpoint · doi:10.1111/apv.12113 · Cited by 12
López-Posada, J. C., & Pachón-Ariza, F. A. (2017) · Revista de Investigación Desarrollo e Innovación · doi:10.19053/20278306.v8.n1.2017.7369 · Cited by 11
Ballivián, E. C. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1888721 · Cited by 11
Ali, R., & Stevano, S. (2021) · Review of African Political Economy · doi:10.1080/03056244.2022.1990624 · Cited by 11
Lin, S. Y.-C. (2022) · Journal of Contemporary Asia · doi:10.1080/00472336.2022.2032279 · Cited by 11
Monjane, B. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12525 · Cited by 11
Wentworth, C., Warsaw, P., Isaacs, K., Traoré, A., Hammon, A., & Lewis, A. (2023) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-023-10445-3 · Cited by 11
Large-Scale Land Acquisitions: A Historical Perspective
Roudart, L., & Mazoyer, M. (2015) · International development policy/Revue internationale de politique de développement · doi:10.4000/poldev.2088 · Cited by 11
Introduction to symposium on labor, gender and new sources of agrarian change
Addison, L., & Schnurr, M. (2016) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-015-9656-1 · Cited by 15
Peasant balances, neoliberalism, and the stunted growth of non- traditional agro-exports in Haiti
Steckley, M., & Weis, T. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies / Revue canadienne des études latino-américaines et caraïbes · doi:10.1080/08263663.2015.1130293 · Cited by 11
Webber, J. R. (2017) · Latin American Research Review · doi:10.25222/larr.34 · Cited by 11
Frontiers: Authority, Precarity and Insurgency at the Edge of the State
Watts, M. J. (2017) · L’Espace Politique · doi:10.4000/espacepolitique.4336 · Cited by 11
The food regime in late colonial Philippines: Pathways of appropriation and unpaid work
Camba, A. (2018) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12269 · Cited by 11
Creative farmers and climate service politics in Indonesian rice production
Ariefiansyah, R., & Webber, S. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1873291 · Cited by 11
1. The Dismantling of Environmentalism in Hungary
Kovács, E. K., & Pataki, G. (2021) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0244.01 · Cited by 11
Understanding West Africa’s informal workers as working class
McDermott, J. L. (2021) · Review of African Political Economy · doi:10.1080/03056244.2021.1967734 · Cited by 11
Food sovereignty and agroecology praxis in a capitalist setting: the need for a radical pedagogy
Dale, B. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1971653 · Cited by 11
Ramamurthy, P. (2020) · Comparative Studies of South Asia Africa and the Middle East · doi:10.1215/1089201x-8186093 · Cited by 11
Morena, E. (2014) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2014.969716 · Cited by 11
Enabling Smallholder Prosperity through Commercialization and Diversification
Pingali, P., Aiyar, A., Abraham, M. P., et al. (2019) · Palgrave studies in agricultural economics and food policy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14409-8_7 · Cited by 11
Beyond the Pampas: Global capital and uneven development in Argentine soybean expansion
Neiman, M., & Blanco, M. (2020) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12370 · Cited by 12
Sankey, K. (2021) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12465 · Cited by 14
Soil extractivism: Political ontology of soil erasure in the European Union's agricultural politics
Hokkanen, S. (2024) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.103298 · Cited by 11
Blue Economy Struggles—Capital and Power in the Global Ocean: Introduction
Mallin, F. (2025) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.70014 · Cited by 10
Between a rock and a hard place: rural transformations and migrant communities in Guatemala
Aguilar-Stoen, M. C. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d études du développement · doi:10.1080/02255189.2019.1666358 · Cited by 10
Lombardozzi, L. (2020) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12366 · Cited by 10
Jackson, G. (2021) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105538 · Cited by 10
The ebb and flow of capital in Indonesian coastal production systems
Rahmat, Y. N., & Neilson, J. (2023) · Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography · doi:10.1111/sjtg.12483 · Cited by 10
Pain, A. (2023) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2023.2216145 · Cited by 10
Livelihoods, Land and Political Economy: Reflections on Sam Moyo’s Research Methodology
Scoones, I. (2016) · Agrarian South Journal of Political Economy A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES · doi:10.1177/2277976016683750 · Cited by 13
Africa’s next debt crisis: regulatory dilemmas and radical insights
Bassett, C. (2017) · Review of African Political Economy · doi:10.1080/03056244.2017.1313730 · Cited by 10
Pallière, A., Paul, J., & Cochet, H. (2018) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12248 · Cited by 10
Mazwi, F., Muchetu, R. G., & Mudimu, G. (2021) · Agrarian South Journal of Political Economy A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES · doi:10.1177/2277976020973837 · Cited by 7
Defending Shan State's customary tenure systems from below through collective action research
Springate‐Baginski, O., & Kamoon, M. (2021) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1887145 · Cited by 10
A dinâmica de classe do desenvolvimento agrário na era da globalização
Bernstein, H. T. (2011) · Sociologias · doi:10.1590/s1517-45222011000200004 · Cited by 10
Self-citationLatt, S. S. W., & Roth, R. J. (2014) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12081 · Cited by 10
Harrison, G. (2020) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198785798.003.0002 · Cited by 9
Land, natural resources and the social reproduction of South Africa's ‘relative surplus population’
Yeni, S. (2024) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12584 · Cited by 9
Kavak, S., & Benlisoy, Z. C. E. (2025) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-025-10720-5 · Cited by 12
Campling, L. (2025) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.70005 · Cited by 9
How is Climate Change Changing Agrarian Studies?
Paprocki, K., Camargo, A., Taylor, M., Bhasme, S., & Mills‐Novoa, M. (2025) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.70018 · Cited by 11
Resistance to extractivism: pin-prick land grabs and ‘failed’ corporate land deals
Borras, S. M., Arango, L., Belay, M., et al. (2025) · Third World Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01436597.2025.2540522 · Cited by 9
Melo, J. B. (2022) · Journal of Agrarian Change · doi:10.1111/joac.12499 · Cited by 9
Leer el ‘desorden’. Cambio agrario, campesinados y el Sembrando Vida
Castellanos, I. J. C. (2022) · Estudios Sociológicos de El Colegio de México · doi:10.24201/es.2024v42n124.2362 · Cited by 9
Pan, L., Ye, J., & Wang, C. (2022) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2022.2137408 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Bernstein, H.
- Corresponding author
- Bernstein, Henry
- ORCID
- Bernstein, Henry
- Venue
- Lynne Rienner Publishers eBooks
- Publisher
- Lynne Rienner Publishers
- Published
- 2010-12-31
- OpenAlex
- W4394901596
- Cited by
- 1,130
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 108 · 2025: 111 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 101 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 44.29
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Lynne Rienner Publishers eBooks (publishedVersion)
- SOAS Research Online (SOAS University of London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Development › Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Economy and Marxism
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Land Rights and Reforms
- Keywords
- agricultural transformation, class dynamics, political economy of agriculture, agrarian question, class analysis, globalization, Henry Bernstein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review