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Cited by 74Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic VariationLinguistics and language evolutionHistorical Linguistics and Language Studies

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The history of dare and the status of unidirectionality

Beths, Frank·1999·Linguistics
DOI 10.1515/ling.37.6.1069
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Abstract

In this article the historical development of the English semimodal verb dare will be presented in the light of the grammaticalization of the other English modal verbs. In a current version of Chomsky's principles-and-parameters framework we will investigate the morphosyntactic aspects of this process. Assuming that the modals in Old English are verbs that are generated in VP and subsequently move to a functional position, it will be argued that at the end of the Middle English period they were reanalyzed as functional elements generated in that same position. On the basis of the development of dare , which split into an auxiliary and a main verb, we will argue that grammaticalization is not necessarily a unidirectional process of language change. It characterizes the elimination of its synchronic instantiation, syntactic movement, and may bring about both grammatical and lexical elements.

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Research works printed but not linked: 13

  1. Skeat, 1871, The Holy Gospels in Anglo and Old Mercian Versions University Press Aelfric s Lives of Saints Being a Set of Sermons on Saints Days Formerly Observed by the English Church vols Early English University Press, Text Society, 1887
  2. Ogden, 1938, The Liber De Diversis Medicinis in the Thornton Manuscript ( Ms Lincoln Cathedral A Early English University Press, Text Society, 5, 207
  3. Block, 1960, Ludus Coventriae Or The Plaie Called Corpus Christi Early University Press, English Text Society, 1922
  4. Hamelius, 1919, Mandeville s Travels Translated from the French of Jean d Outremeuse vol Early English University Press, Text Society, 153
  5. Morris, 1967, The Blickling Homilies Early English University Press, Text Society, 1874
  6. Belfour, 1962, Twelfth - Century Homilies in Ms Bodley part Early University Press, English Text Society, 343, 137
  7. Pope, 1968, Homilies of Aelfric A Supplementary Collection vol Early English University Press, Text Society, 260
  8. Denison, 1990, Auxiliary impersonal in Old English Folia English Historical Syntax de Vogu e Gregoire le Grand Dialogues vol Paris : Editions du Cerf, Linguistica Historica, 9, 139
  9. Sweet, 1958, King Alfred s West - Saxon Version of Gregory s Pastoral Care parts Early English University Press, Text Society, 1
  10. Clarendon, 1984, de Vriend Hubert The Old English Herbarium and Medicina de Quadrupedibus Early English University Press, Text Society, 286
  11. Pollock, 1989, Verb movement universal grammar and the structure of IP Linguistic, Inquiry, 20, 365
  12. Harman, 1937, A Caveat Or Warening For Commen Cursetors Vulgarely Called Vagabones In The Fraternitye of Vacabondes and Furnivall ( eds Early English, Text Society, 1567
  13. Blake, 1970, The History of Reynard the Fox Translated from the Dutch Original by William Caxton Early English University Press, Text Socity, 263

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Authors
Beths, F.
Corresponding author
Beths, Frank
Venue
Linguistics
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published
1999-01-01
Volume
37
Issue
6
ISSN
  • 0024-3949 (ISSN-L)
  • 1613-396X
DOI
10.1515/ling.37.6.1069
OpenAlex
W1978957813
Cited by
74
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 25 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
14.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Linguistics (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Linguistics and language evolution
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Historical Linguistics and Language Studies
Keywords
DARE, grammaticalization, modal verbs, unidirectionality, Principles and Parameters, syntactic movement, auxiliary verbs, Old English, Middle English, functional elements, morphosyntax

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