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Bronze Age tripartite cosmologies
Abstract
Das reiche ikonographische Material der nordischen Bronzezeit, wie es auf Felszeichnungen und Bronzegegenständen wie z.B. Rasiermessern zu finden ist, scheint eine komplexe Mythologie zu vertreten, die sich auf die ewige Fahrt der Sonne durch die verschiedenen Sphären des Kosmos bezieht. Die Sonne und ihre göttlichen ‚Helfer‘ wie das Schiff, das Pferd, der Fisch und die Schlange sind nicht die einzigen, die eng mit dieser zyklischen Mythologie verbunden sind. Im folgenden Artikel wird vorgeschlagen, daß auch die Seelen der Verstorbenen eine wichtige Rolle in jenem göttlichen Spiel innehatten, nämlich als Paddler der Sonnenbarke oder Sonnenbarken, die jeden Tag und jede Nacht durch alle Sphären fuhren. In manchen strukturellen Grundlagen zeigt die Kosmologie der nordischen Bronzezeit interessante Parallelen mit der Religion der alten Ägypter. Tel qu’il figure sur les gravures rupestres et les objets en bronze, comme les rasoirs par exemple, le riche matériel iconographique de l’âge du Bronze nordique semble représenter une mythologie complexe se référant au périple éternel du soleil à travers les différentes sphères du cosmos. Le soleil et ses «aides» divins, comme la barque, le cheval, le poisson et le serpent, ne sont pas les seuls à être étroitement liés à cette mythologie cyclique. On propose dans cet article que les âmes des défunts occupaient un rôle important au sein de ce jeu céleste, notamment en tant que rameurs de la barque ou des barques célestes, qui, chaque jour et chaque nuit, traversaient toutes les sphères. Maints fondements structurels de la cosmologie de l’âge du Bronze nordique présentent des parallèles intéressants avec la religion de l’ancienne Egypte. The rich iconographical material of the Nordic Bronze Age represented on the rock carvings and on bronze objects such as the razors seems to demonstrate a complex mythology related to the eternal voyage of the sun through the different spheres of cosmos. Not only the sun and its divine ‘helpers’ such as the ship, the horse, the fish and the snake are closely linked to this cyclical mythology. It is suggested here that also the souls of the dead had an important role in this divine play, being paddlers of the sun-ship or sun-ships that every day and night travelled through all the spheres. In some of its structural basics this cosmology of the Nordic Bronze Age shows some interesting parallels to the religion of Ancient Egypt. : Published Online: 2005-11-28 Published in Print: 2005-11-25 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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“Others may depict in quite concrete terms specific narratives we can now only reconstruct, but which must have been well-known to contemporary audiences; the grouping of boats, horses, serpents and wheels may refer to a specific cosmological narrative (Kaul 2005, 1998).”
From Art (Pre)History: Ritual, Narrative and Visual Culture in Neolithic and Bronze Age Europe (2020) · cites this paper as Kaul 2005
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References 5 · Cited by 46
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Geertz, 1996, Dansk- Norsk Tidsskrift for Religionshistoriske Studier, 26, 109
- Haupt 2003: N. Haupt, The paddles. In: O. Crumlin Pedersen/ A. Trakadas (Hrsg.), Hjortspring - a Pre-Roman Iron Age Warship in Context. Ships and Boats of the North, Vol. 5 (Roskilde 2003) 119-128.
- 1999, Skalk, 5, 20
- Podemann Sorensen 1989: J. Podemann Sorensen, Divine access. The so-called Democratization of Egyptian Funerary Literature as a Socio-cultural Process. In G. Englund (ed.): The Religion of the Ancient Egyptians. Cognitive Structures and Popular Expressions. Proceedings of Symposia in Uppsala and Bergen 1987 and 1988. Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Civilizations 20 (Uppsala 1989).
- Thrane, 1963, Kuml, 1962, 80
- 1987, Fynske Minder, 1987, 13
- 1990, Til Hendes Majestaet Dronning Margrethe, 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Kaul, F.
- Corresponding author
- Kaul, Flemming
- Venue
- Praehistorische Zeitschrift
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 135-148
- ISSN
- 0079-4848 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-0804
- OpenAlex
- W1981730412
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 15.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Praehistorische Zeitschrift (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Viking Age and Medieval Scandinavia
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Archaeological and Geological Studies
- Keywords
- Nordic Bronze Age, cosmology, petroglyphs, afterlife, souls of the dead, comparative religion, fish symbolism, snake symbolism, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Near East
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