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Time Course of Changes in Performance and Inflammatory Responses After Acute Plyometric Exercise
Abstract
The objectives of the present investigation were to study the inflammatory and performance responses after an acute bout of intense plyometric exercise during a prolonged recovery period. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (P, n = 12) that performed intense plyometric exercises or a control group (C, n = 12) that rested. The delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), knee range of motion (KROM), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, white blood cell count, C reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), cortisol, testosterone, IL-6, IL-1b strength (isometric and isokinetic), and countermovement (CMJ) and static (SJ) jumping performance were measured at rest, immediately postexercise and at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours of recovery. Lactate was measured at rest and postexercise. Strength remained unchanged throughout recovery, but CMJ and SJ declined (p < 0.05) by 8-20%. P induced a marked rise in DOMS, CK, and LDH (peaked 24-48 hours postexercise) and a KROM decline. An acute-phase inflammatory response consisting of leukocytosis (postexercise and at 24 hours), an IL-6, IL-1b, CRP, and cortisol elevation (during the first 24 hours of recovery) and a delayed increase of UA (peaked at 48 hours) and testosterone (peaked at 72 hours) was observed in P. The results of this investigation indicate that performing an acute bout of intense plyometric exercise may induce a short-term muscle damage and marked but transient inflammatory responses. Jumping performance seems to deteriorate for as long as 72 hours postexercise, whereas strength appears to remain unchanged. The acute-phase inflammatory response after a plyometric exercise protocol appears to follow the same pattern as in other exercise models. These results clearly indicate the need of sufficient recovery between successive plyometric exercise training sessions.
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“Findings from more recent intervention studies suggest that acute moderate- and vigorous-intensity, but not low-intensity, exercise result in increased levels of cortisol”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chatzinikolaou, A., Fatouros, I. G., Gourgoulis, V., Avloniti, A., Jamurtas, A. Z., Nikolaidis, M. G., Douroudos, I., Michailidis, Y., Beneka, A., Malliou, P., Tofas, T., Georgiadis, I., Mandalidis, D., & Taxildaris, K.
- Affiliations
- Democritus University of Thrace (GR)
- University of Thessaly (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Fatouros, Ioannis G
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
- Published
- 2010-05
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1389-1398
- ISSN
- 1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2086600557
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 11.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Thessaly Institutional Repository (University of Thessaly) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- plyometric training, acute exercise, delayed onset muscle soreness, muscle damage, inflammation, acute phase response, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, IL-1β, uric acid, testosterone, cortisol, knee range of motion, jump performance, strength, recovery time course, post-exercise recovery
- MeSH terms
- Acute-Phase Reaction, Adult, Humans, Knee Joint, Leg, Male, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Exercise, Range of Motion, Articular, Cytokines, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fatigue, Muscle Strength
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