Kinematic features of unrestrained vertical arm movements
Open accessAbstract
Unrestrained human arm trajectories between point targets have been investigated using a three-dimensional tracking apparatus, the Selspot system. Movements were executed between different points in a vertical plane under varying conditions of speed and hand-held load. In contrast to past results which emphasized the straightness of hand paths, movement regions were discovered in which the hand paths were curved. All movements, whether curved or straight, showed an invariant tangential velocity profile when normalized for speed and distance. The velocity profile invariance with speed and load is interpreted in terms of simplification of the underlying arm dynamics, extending the results of Hollerbach and Flash (Hollerbach, J. M., and T. Flash (1982) Biol. Cybern. 44: 67–77).
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The minimum-jerk trajectory model is empirically verified to represent the kinematic features of voluntary movements in normal subjects and predicts point-to-point reaching movements.
“based on an empirically verified smoothing model of minimum-jerk trajectory (MJT) of voluntary movements [16].”
From Evaluation of tremor interference with control of voluntary reaching movements in patients with Parkinson's disease (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Atkeson, C., & Hollerbach, J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1985-09-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2318-2330
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6565321
- OpenAlex
- W1533349159
- Cited by
- 926
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 16.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (5r01am026710-05)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Mechanics and Biomechanics Studies
- Keywords
- arm kinematics, tangential velocity profile, movement speed
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arm, Biomechanical Phenomena, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Movement
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