The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuronal Expression of Neural Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Protein Is Suppressed by an Antisense RNA Transcribed from an NOS Pseudogene
Open accessAbstract
Here, we show that a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pseudogene is expressed in the CNS of the snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The pseudo-NOS transcript includes a region of significant antisense homology to a previously reported neuronal NOS (nNOS)-encoding mRNA. This suggested that the pseudo-NOS transcript acts as a natural antisense regulator of nNOS protein synthesis. In support of this, we show that both the nNOS-encoding and the pseudo-NOS transcripts are coexpressed in giant identified neurons (the cerebral giant cells) in the cerebral ganglion. Moreover, reverse transcription-PCR experiments on RNA isolated from the CNS establish that stable RNA-RNA duplex molecules do form between the two transcripts in vivo. Using an in vitro translation assay, we further demonstrate that the antisense region of the pseudogene transcript prevents the translation of nNOS protein from the nNOS-encoding mRNA. By analyzing NOS RNA and nNOS protein expression in two different identified neurons, we find that when both the nNOS-encoding and the pseudo-NOS transcripts are present in the same neuron, nNOS enzyme activity is substantially suppressed. Importantly, these results show that a natural antisense mechanism can mediate the translational control of nNOS expression in the Lymnaea CNS. Our findings also suggest that transcribed pseudogenes are not entirely without purpose and are a potential source of a new class of regulatory gene in the nervous system.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction
Chomczynski, P., & Sacchi, N. (1987) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(87)90021-2 · Cited by 46,426
Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans
Fire, A., Xu, S., Montgomery, M. K., Kostas, S. A., Driver, S. E., & Mello, C. C. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35888 · Cited by 15,429
Wightman, B., Ha, I., & Ruvkun, G. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90530-4 · Cited by 4,292
Isolation of nitric oxide synthetase, a calmodulin-requiring enzyme.
Bredt, D. S., & Snyder, S. H. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.2.682 · Cited by 3,284
Localization of nitric oxide synthase indicating a neural role for nitric oxide
Bredt, D. S., Hwang, P. M., & Snyder, S. H. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/347768a0 · Cited by 2,984
Garthwaite, J., Charles, S. L., & Chess-Williams, R. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/336385a0 · Cited by 2,549
Neuronal NADPH diaphorase is a nitric oxide synthase.
Hope, B. T., Michael, G. J., Knigge, K. M., & Vincent, S. R. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.7.2811 · Cited by 1,908
Nitric oxide, a novel neuronal messenger
Bredt, D. S., & Snyder, S. H. (1992) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90104-l · Cited by 1,846
Nitric oxide synthase and neuronal NADPH diaphorase are identical in brain and peripheral tissues.
Dawson, T. M., Bredt, D. S., Fotuhi, M., Hwang, P. M., & Snyder, S. H. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.17.7797 · Cited by 1,843
Nitric Oxide Signaling in the Central Nervous System
Garthwaite, J., & Boulton, C. L. (1995) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.003343 · Cited by 1,638
Cited by
Pseudogene-derived small interfering RNAs regulate gene expression in mouse oocytes
Tam, O. H., Aravin, A. A., Stein, P., Girard, A., Murchison, E. P., Cheloufi, S., Hodges, E., Anger, M., Sachidanandam, R., Schultz, R. M., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06904 · Cited by 1,044
What is a gene, post-ENCODE? History and updated definition
Gerstein, M. B., Bruce, C., Rozowsky, J. S., Zheng, D., Du, J., Korbel, J. O., Emanuelsson, O., Zhang, Z. D., Weissman, S., & Snyder, M. (2007) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.6339607 · Cited by 699
Pseudogenes: Are They “Junk” or Functional DNA?
Balakirev, E. S., & Ayala, F. J. (2003) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.37.040103.103949 · Cited by 473
Pseudogenes: Pseudo-functional or key regulators in health and disease?
Pink, R. C., Wicks, K., Caley, D. P., Punch, E. K., Jacobs, L., & Francisco Carter, D. R. (2011) · RNA · doi:10.1261/rna.2658311 · Cited by 465
Evolution of primate gene expression
Khaitovich, P., Enard, W., Lachmann, M., & Pääbo, S. (2006) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg1940 · Cited by 341
Metadata
- Authors
- Korneev, S. A., Park, J.-H., & O’Shea, M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1999-09-15
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 7711-7720
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- OpenAlex
- W1874183695
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 2.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Neuronal Expression of Neural Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Protein Is Suppressed by an Antisense RNA Transcribed from an NOS Pseudogene. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1523/jneurosci.19-18-07711.1999
- The paper
- Korneev, S. A., Park, J.-H., & O’Shea, M. (1999). Neuronal Expression of Neural Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Protein Is Suppressed by an Antisense RNA Transcribed from an NOS Pseudogene. The Journal of Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.19-18-07711.1999
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
