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Barrio Rising: Urban Popular Politics and the Making of Modern Venezuela
Abstract
Beginning in the late 1950s political leaders in Venezuela built what they celebrated as Latin America’s most stable democracy. But outside the staid halls of power, in the gritty barrios of a rapidly urbanizing country, another politics was rising—unruly, contentious, and clamoring for inclusion. Based on years of archival and ethnographic research in Venezuela’s largest public housing community, Barrio Rising delivers the first in-depth history of urban popular politics before the Bolivarian Revolution, providing crucial context for understanding the democracy that emerged during the presidency of Hugo Chávez. In the mid-1950s, a military government bent on modernizing Venezuela razed dozens of slums in the heart of the capital Caracas, replacing them with massive buildings to house the city’s working poor. The project remained unfinished when the dictatorship fell on January 23, 1958, and in a matter of days city residents illegally occupied thousands of apartments, squatted on green spaces, and renamed the neighborhood to honor the emerging democracy: the 23 de Enero (January 23). During the next thirty years, through eviction efforts, guerrilla conflict, state violence, internal strife, and official neglect, inhabitants of el veintitrés learned to use their strategic location and symbolic tie to the promise of democracy in order to demand a better life. Granting legitimacy to the state through the vote but protesting its failings with violent street actions when necessar…
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“The tactic of blocking road networks to gain visibility is part of a long history of popular politics in Venezuela (Velasco 2015), but this action in a state enterprise was especially thought-provoking.”
From The Devil and Florentino: Specters of Petro-Populism in Venezuela (2024) · cites this paper as Velasco 2015
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Metadata
- Authors
- Velasco, A.
- Corresponding author
- Velasco, Alejandro
- ORCID
- Velasco, Alejandro
- Venue
- University of California Press eBooks
- Publisher
- University of California Press
- Published
- 2015-07-24
- OpenAlex
- W4246636338
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 12.32
- Type
- book
- Language
- es
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- University of California Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Politics and Society in Latin America
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Latin American socio-political dynamics
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Latin American Urban Studies
- Keywords
- public housing, slum clearance, Caracas, urban squatting, political violence, guerrilla warfare, state violence, Hugo Chávez, Bolivarian Revolution, democracy, urban space, everyday life
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