Cited by 394Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesAdolescent Sexual and Reproductive HealthHuman Health and Disease

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Ethnic Differences in the Presence of Secondary Sex Characteristics and Menarche Among US Girls: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994

Wu, Tiejian, Mendola, Pauline, Buck, Germaine M.·2002·Pediatrics

DOI 10.1542/peds.110.4.752

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Abstract

Objective To assess measures of puberty-presence of pubic hair, breast development, and menarche-for 3 racial/ethnic groups of girls in the United States. Methods Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study sample was restricted to 1623 girls aged 8 to 16 years (466 non-Hispanic white, 589 non-Hispanic black, and 568 Mexican American) for whom information was available on Tanner stages of pubic hair and breast development. Subsequently, the sample was restricted to 1168 girls aged 10 to 16 years (330 non-Hispanic white, 419 non-Hispanic black, and 419 Mexican American) for whom menarche data were available. Tanner stage II or higher was used to define pubic hair and breast development; menarche status was self-reported. The percentage of girls who had pubic hair and breast development and had achieved menarche was computed by age and race/ethnicity. Probit and failure time models were applied to estimate mean ages at onset of pubic hair, breast development, and menarche. The racial/ethnic differences also were examined after adjustment for social and economic variables and current body mass index. Results Black and Mexican American girls had pubic hair and breast development and had achieved menarche at younger ages than white girls. For example, 49.4% of black girls aged 9 years had breast development compared with 24.5% of Mexican American girls and 15.8% of white girls. The mean age at onset of pubic hair, breast development, and…

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Authors: Wu, T., Mendola, P., & Buck, G. M.
Affiliations: University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
Environmental Protection Agency (US)
Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland
ORCID: Mendola, Pauline
Venue: Pediatrics
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published: 2002-10-01
Volume: 110
Issue: 4
Pages: 752-757
ISSN: 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
1098-4275
DOI: 10.1542/peds.110.4.752
OpenAlex: W1985818849
Cited by: 394
References: 21
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 12.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Human Health and Disease
Keywords: puberty onset, menarche, secondary sexual characteristics, pubic hair, breast development, racial and ethnic differences, Black girls, age at menarche, body mass index, socioeconomic factors
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Menarche, Nutrition Surveys, Sex Characteristics, Sexual Maturation, United States

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Ethnic Differences in the Presence of Secondary Sex Characteristics and Menarche Among US Girls: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994

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