The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale Procedures
Abstract
The procedures for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale includes a brief background, description of the examination, key concepts, a summary of the procedures, and order of administration of the items described in "packages," information about the testing kit, scoring issues, and summary scores. This is followed by presentation of the 115 items that are scored. Each item is described, including (where appropriate) specific procedures for how to manipulate or handle the infant. Rating scales with scoring criteria are provided for each item. With training and certification, users of the manual will be able to reliably administer and score the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The NNNS was developed for the National Institutes of Health to assess effects of prenatal drug exposure in infants.12, 21”
From Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Newborn Neurobehavior: Effects at 10 to 27 Days (2009) · cites this paper as [21]
Citations
Cites
Clinical assessment of gestational age in the newborn infant
Dubowitz, L. M. S., Dubowitz, V., & Goldberg, C. (1970) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(70)80038-5 · Cited by 2,230
New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants
Ballard, J., Khoury, J. C., Wedig, K. E., Wang, L., Eilers-Walsman, B. L., & Lipp, R. (1991) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82056-6 · Cited by 1,959
Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
Salkind, N. J. (2005) · Encyclopedia of Human Development · doi:10.4135/9781412952484.n438 · Cited by 1,328
Clinics in Developmental Medicine
Humphreys, P. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4831-9649-7.50021-9 · Cited by 1,149
A simplified score for assessment of fetal maturation of newly born infants
Ballard, J. L., Novak, K. K., & Driver, M. (1979) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80734-9 · Cited by 938
The neurological examination of the full term newborn infant
Prechtl, H. F. R. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 567
Lester, B. M., Tronick, E. Z., LaGasse, L., Seifer, R., Bauer, C. R., Shankaran, S., Bada, H. S., Wright, L. L., Smeriglio, V. L., Lu, J., et al. (2002) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.110.6.1182 · Cited by 317
Neurological evaluation of the maturity of newborn infants.
Amiel‐Tison, C. (1968) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.43.227.89 · Cited by 313
Tactile, acoustic and vestibular systems sum to elicit the startle reflex
Yeomans, J. S. (2002) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00057-4 · Cited by 306
The causes, controls, and organization of behavior in the neonate.
Wolff, P. H. (1966) · PubMed · Cited by 293
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Saint-Anne-Dargassies S. La maturation neurologique du premature [English translation: The neurological maturation of prematurity]. Rev Neurol. 1955;93:331–340
- Moro E. Das erste Trimenon: erste angaben uber den Moro-reflex. Munch Med Wochenschr. 1918;65:1147–1150
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–296 of 296
Pain/Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants
Zhao, T., Chang, X., Biswas, S. K., Balsbaugh, J. L., Liddle, J. C., Chen, M., Matson, A. P., Alder, N. N., & Cong, X. S. (2024) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000536509 · Cited by 7
van Veenendaal, N. R., van der Schoor, S. R. D., Limpens, J., van Kempen, A. A. M. W., & van Goudoever, J. B. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015818 · Cited by 7
Cannabis Use Disorder During the Perinatal Period
Vélez, M. L., Jordan, C. J., & Jansson, L. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90365-1_17 · Cited by 7
Moreland, A. D., Hartley, C. M., delMas, S., & McRae‐Clark, A. L. (2019) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-019-00478-6 · Cited by 7
Mother-infant consultation during drug treatment: Research and innovative clinical practice
Boukydis, C. F. Z., & Lester, B. M. (2008) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/1477-7517-5-6 · Cited by 7
Co-bedding in neonatal nursery for promoting growth and neurodevelopment in stable preterm twins
Lai, N. M., Foong, S. C., Foong, W. C., & Tan, K. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008313.pub2 · Cited by 7
Rogers, S., Malik, L., Fogel, J., Hamilton, B. O., Huisenga, D. C., Lewis-Wolf, C., Mieczkowski, D., Peterson, J. K., Russell, S., Schmelzer, A. C., et al. (2023) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951123003165 · Cited by 6
The Combined Contributions of Newborn Stress and Parenting Stress on Toddler Language Development
Bruce, M. D., Compton, A. M., Maylott, S. E., Zhou, A. M., Raby, K. L., Crowell, S. E., & Conradt, E. D. (2024) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114006 · Cited by 7
Abnormal infant neurobehavior and later neurodevelopmental delays in children with critical CHD
Campbell, K. M., Malik, L., Jones, C. E., Ou, Z., Presson, A. P., Miller, T. A., Winter, S. L., & Glotzbach, K. L. (2022) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951122002013 · Cited by 7
Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms in Newborns
García‐Algar, Ó. (2008) · Archivos de Bronconeumología · doi:10.1016/s1579-2129(08)60095-6 · Cited by 6
Neonatal sleep development and early learning in infants with prenatal opioid exposure
Heller, N. A., Shrestha, H., Morrison, D. G., Daigle, K. M., Logan, B. A., Paul, J. A., Brown, M. S., & Hayes, M. J. (2020) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.07.001 · Cited by 6
Carlo, W. A. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0755-7.00100-7 · Cited by 6
Joseph, H. M., Wilson, M. A., Diaz, J., Salisbury, A. L., Lorenzi-Quigley, L., Vecchiarelli, J., Coughlin, C., Iverson, J. M., & Molina, B. S. G. (2025) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102066 · Cited by 5
Multi-Omics Analysis on Neurodevelopment in Preterm Neonates
Casavant, S. G., Chen, J., Xu, W., Lainwala, S., Matson, A. P., Chen, M., Starkweather, A. R., Maas, K. R., & Cong, X. S. (2021) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000548 · Cited by 5
Maternal Prenatal Risk Phenotypes and Neurobehavioral Outcomes among Infants Born Very Preterm
Camerota, M., McGowan, E. C., Carter, B. S., Check, J. F., Dansereau, L. M., DellaGrotta, S. A., Helderman, J., Hofheimer, J. A., Neal, C. R., O’Shea, T. M., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113521 · Cited by 5
Predictors of executive function among 2 year olds from a Thai birth cohort
Nimmapirat, P., Fiedler, N. L., Suttiwan, P., Sullivan, M. W., Ohman‐Strickland, P., Panuwet, P., Barr, D. B., Prapamontol, T., & Naksen, W. (2023) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101916 · Cited by 5
Brain development using a multicomponent intravenous lipid emulsion in preterm infants
Ottolini, K. M., Ngwa, J. S., Basu, S. K., Kapse, K. J., Liggett, M., Murnick, J. G., Limperopoulos, C., & Andescavage, N. N. (2024) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-024-05330-9 · Cited by 5
A Neurologist's Guide to Neonatal Neurodevelopmental Assessments and Preterm Brain Injury
Haffner, D. N., & Sankovic, A. (2022) · Seminars in Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.spen.2022.100974 · Cited by 5
Marijuana use, adolescent pregnancy, and alteration in newborn behavior: How complex can it get?
Bada, H. S., Reynolds, E. W., & Hansen, W. F. (2006) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.10.049 · Cited by 5
Neurological Examination: Normal and Abnormal Features
Volpe, J. J., & El‐Dib, M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-10513-5.00012-7 · Cited by 4
Neurobehavioral Profiles in Opioid-Exposed and Unexposed Neonates
Merhar, S. L., Yolton, K. A., DeMauro, S. B., Beiersdorfer, T., Newman, J. E., Lorch, S. A., Wilson-Costello, D. E., Ambalavanan, N., Bangdiwala, A. S., Peralta-Carcelén, M., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2025.114527 · Cited by 4
Maylott, S. E., Bruce, M. D., Brown, L., Castano, A. J., Dansereau, L. M., Lester, B. M., & Conradt, E. (2025) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2025.114533 · Cited by 4
Effects of Cycled Lighting on Circadian Rhythms of Premature Infants
Lee, S.-J., Han, K.-J., & Bang, K. (2012) · Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing · doi:10.4094/jkachn.2012.18.2.85 · Cited by 4
Reid, B. M., Sokol, N. A., Aubuchon-Endsley, N. L., & Stroud, L. R. (2022) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22354 · Cited by 4
Neurobehavioral outcomes of preterm infants: toward a holistic approach
Camerota, M., & Lester, B. M. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03505-9 · Cited by 5
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use in Pregnancy: Repercussions on the Oblivious Passenger
Rodriguez‐Kovacs, J., Tien, S. H., & Plunkett, B. A. (2018) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.19-3-e160 · Cited by 4
Deng, W., Sargent, B. A., Havens, K. L., Vanderbilt, D. L., Rosales, M. R., Pulido, J. C., Matarić, M. J., & Smith, B. A. (2022) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101788 · Cited by 4
Bueno, G. G. G., Barros, M. C. D. M., & Guinsburg, R. (2018) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2018.06.009 · Cited by 4
Epigenetic Alterations to NR3C1 and HSD11B2 and the Developmental Origins of Mental Disease Risk
Appleton, A. A., Holdsworth, E. A., & Ingle, M. E. (2016) · Epigenetics and human health · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29901-3_5 · Cited by 4
Maxwell, J. R., Roberts, M. H., Lowe, J. R., Ma, X., Kotulski, J. F., Salisbury, A. L., & Bakhireva, L. N. (2025) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.70013 · Cited by 3
Argote, M., Hilson, L., Sorkhou, M., & Rabin, R. A. (2025) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports · doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100376 · Cited by 6
Donnellan, E. L., Govindan, R. B., Ngwa, J. S., Andescavage, N. N., Limperopoulos, C., & du Plessis, A. (2025) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106406 · Cited by 3
Park, J. S., Hong, K. J., & Bang, K. (2013) · Child Health Nursing Research · doi:10.4094/chnr.2013.19.3.198 · Cited by 3
The Emergence of Developmental Behavioral Epigenomics
Lester, B. M., Camerota, M., & Everson, T. M. (2022) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2022-0065 · Cited by 4
Maylott, S. E., Lester, B. M., Brown, L., Castano, A. J., Dansereau, L. M., Crowell, S. E., Deboeck, P. R., Salisbury, A. L., & Conradt, E. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306176 · Cited by 3
Sex-differences in Mothers' own milk and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants
Zhao, T., Li, A. M., Chang, X., Xu, W., Quinn, T., Chen, J., Matson, A. P., Chen, M., Taylor, S. N., & Cong, X. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1523952 · Cited by 3
Zhao, T., Li, A., Wu, W., Chen, J., Combellick, J. L., Chen, M., & Cong, X. S. (2025) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000878 · Cited by 2
Social Behavior Forecasts Moment‐to‐Moment Changes in RSA in Infants With Autism
Yurkovic‐Harding, J., Narayanan, V., & Bradshaw, J. L. (2026) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.70196 · Cited by 2
Newborn Neurobehavior and the Development of Infant Mental Health
Lester, B. M., Conradt, E. D., & Tronick, E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48627-2_10 · Cited by 2
Maylott, S. E., Reese, S. E., Zhou, A. M., Kaliush, P. R., Terrell, S., Saenz, C., Brown, L., Crowell, S. E., Lester, B. M., Smid, M. C., et al. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03399-7 · Cited by 2
Fetal and Infant Neurobehavioral Development
Monk, C. E., & Hane, A. A. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.20 · Cited by 2
Using Socially Assistive Robot Feedback to Reinforce Infant Leg Movement Acceleration
Deng, W., Sargent, B. A., Bradley, N. S., Klein, L., Rosales, M. R., Pulido, J. C., Matarić, M. J., & Smith, B. A. (2021) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/ro-man50785.2021.9515537 · Cited by 2
Neurological problems in the newborn
Rennie, J. M., Huertas‐Ceballos, A., Boylan, G. B., Shah, D. K., Robertson, N. J., Groenendaal, F., Dyet, L. E., Barth, P. G., Manzur, A. Y., Robb, S. A., et al. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3479-4.00041-6 · Cited by 2
Infant Leg Activity Intensity Before and After Naps
Trujillo-Priego, I. A., Zhou, J., Werner, I., Deng, W., & Smith, B. A. (2020) · Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour · doi:10.1123/jmpb.2019-0011 · Cited by 2
Congdon, J. L., Nugent, J. K., McManus, B. M., Coccia, M., & Bush, N. R. (2020) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000842 · Cited by 2
Martins, A. C., Caito, S. W., Bellinger, D. C., Lucchini, R. G., & Aschner, M. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823292-7.00021-8 · Cited by 3
Heller, N. A., Logan, B. A., Shrestha, H., Morrison, D. G., & Hayes, M. J. (2023) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsad023 · Cited by 2
Neonatal neurobehavior associated with developmental changes from age 2 to 3 in very preterm infants
Craft, A. L., Camerota, M., Loncar, C., Carter, B. S., Check, J., Helderman, J., Hofheimer, J. A., McGowan, E. C., Neal, C. R., O’Shea, T. M., et al. (2024) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106039 · Cited by 2
Chen, J., Li, H., Zhao, T., Chen, K., Chen, M., Sun, Z., Xu, W., Maas, K. R., Lester, B. M., & Cong, X. S. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.01.04.23284200 · Cited by 2
Tran, N., Desai, J. D., Votava‐Smith, J. K., Brecht, M., Vanderbilt, D. L., Panigrahy, A., Mackintosh, L., Brady, K. M., & Peterson, B. S. (2022) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/08830738221115982 · Cited by 1
Infants Display Anticipatory Gaze During a Motor Contingency Paradigm
Rosales, M. R., Pulido, J. C., Winstein, C. J., Bradley, N. S., Matarić, M. J., & Smith, B. A. (2025) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s25030844 · Cited by 1
Üzer, S., Şahin, S., Arslan, M. K., Öncel, M. Y., Schroeder, A. S., & Hadders‐Algra, M. (2025) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-025-05658-w · Cited by 1
Raham, T. F. (2026) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2026.112021 · Cited by 1
Amick, J. R., Liszka, L., Liggett, M., Zeman, A., Ngwa, J. S., Limperopoulos, C., & Andescavage, N. N. (2026) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-026-05187-x · Cited by 1
Zhou, A. M., Maylott, S. E., Compton, A. M., Bruce, M. D., Molina, N. C., Raby, K. L., Crowell, S. E., & Conradt, E. D. (2026) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026251380591 · Cited by 1
Væver, M. S., Harder, S. K., Køppe, S., Hansen, G. F., & Delafield‐Butt, J. T. (2010) · Psyke & Logos · doi:10.7146/pl.v31i2.8483 · Cited by 1
Neuro-Developmental follow up of high-risk newborns using hammersmith-dubowitz method
Chadalawada, L. P., Sravanthi, N. L., Bhimireddy, V., & Pinnamaneni, K. K. (2019) · Pediatric Review International Journal of Pediatric Research · doi:10.17511/ijpr.2019.i06.03 · Cited by 1
Effects of polysubstance exposure on neonatal outcomes for infants with intrauterine opioid exposure
McDaniel, C. E., Test, M. R., Deodhar, P., Jennings, R. M., Bove, J., & Carlin, K. E. (2020) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-020-0717-y · Cited by 1
STUDY OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH LBW EVENTS IN TASIKMALAYA GENERAL HOSPITAL
Purnama, M., & Herliana, L. (2019) · The Malaysian Journal of Nursing · doi:10.31674/mjn.2019.v10i04.005 · Cited by 1
Emergência e desenvolvimento da ação nos apertos manuais de bebês
Ferronato, P. A. M. (2015) · doi:10.11606/t.39.2015.tde-03082015-094720 · Cited by 1
Prenatal Substance Misuse: Exploring Healthcare Providers' Attitudes and Perceptions
Trainor, K. (2019) · IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) · doi:10.7912/c2/1209 · Cited by 1
Co-bedding in neonatal nursery for promoting growth and neurodevelopment in stable preterm twins
Lai, N. M., Foong, S. C., Foong, W. C., & Tan, K. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008313 · Cited by 1
Martínez, R. C. (2010) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Developmental problems in infants diagnosed as congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Özbek, E., Gözmen, Ş. K., Genel, F., Yilmaz, Z. I., Ünalp, A., & Devrim, İ. (2013) · Journal of Dr Behcet Uz Children s Hospital · doi:10.5222/buchd.2013.049
Prenatal Substance Exposure Infant Neurobehavioral Dysregulation: Behavior Problems in Children With
Bauer, C. R., Shankaran, S., Bada, H. S., Higgins, R. D., Lester, B. M., Bagner, D. M., Liu, J., LaGasse, L. L., & Seifer, R. (2011)
Preterm Infants Single-Family Room Care and Neurobehavioral and Medical Outcomes in
Padbury, J. F., Bigsby, R., Laptook, A. R., Salisbury, A. L., Taub, M., LESTER, M., Hawes, K., Abar, B. W., & Sullivan, M. C. (2014)
Guinsburg, R., Mitsuhiro, S. S., Chalem, E., & Laranjeira, R. (2008)
Prenatal Drug Exposure: Childhood Behavior and Cognitive Functioning
Sithisarn, T., & Bada, H. S. (2010) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0069
Bowers, K. A., Ding, L., Ji, H., Nidey, N., Meyer, J. S., Ammerman, R. T., Ginkel, J. B. V., & Folger, A. T. (2020) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-119104/v1
VanVleet, M. W. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_11
Hedlund, R. (2019) · Developmental Observer · doi:10.14434/do.v5i1.27765
Why Is the Neurological Examination So Badly Neglected in Early Childhood?: In Reply
Inder, T. E. (2005) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-1622
Zeskind, P. S., & Stephens, L. E. (2004) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2004-1983
Bueno, G. G. G., Barros, M. C. D. M., & Guinsburg, R. (2019) · Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) · doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.06.017
Neurobehavior in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit—Window to the Future?
DeMauro, S. B., & Merhar, S. L. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.22255
Regulation, Relationships, and Reflection
Talmi, A., & Browne, J. V. (2022) · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780197545027.003.0022
Collaborative Consultation with Families in the Context of Developmental Disability
Lengyel, A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34252-3_2
Qiu, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Kuo, F., Huysentruyt, K., Smith, C., Bhutada, A. M., Xiao, N., Xu, K., & Panel, E. (2024) · Pediatric Investigation · doi:10.1002/ped4.12426 · Cited by 1
Burton, V. J., Gerner, G. J., & Allen, M. C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824060-1.00004-3
Lessons Learned in Virtual Launch of an Antenatal Opioid Exposure Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Newman, J. E., Dhawan, M., Clarke, L., Owen, S. K., Beiersdorfer, T., Parlberg, L. M., Merhar, S. L., DeMauro, S. B., Lorch, S. A., Wilson-Costello, D. E., et al. (2025) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000807
Assessing Functional Outcomes in Hospitalized Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients
Rogers, S. C., Osterwald, A., Walecka, E., & Tikkanen, A. Ú. (2025) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2025.03.008 · Cited by 1
Maylott, S. E., Bruce, M. D., Zhou, A. M., Raby, K. L., Crowell, S. E., & Conradt, E. D. (2025) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.70104
Standard neonatal neurological and behavioral assessments
Palchik, A. B., Andrushchenko, N. V., & Osipova, M. V. (2025) · Russian Family Doctor · doi:10.17816/rfd681678
Ugrinovic, G. E. (2014) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Czynski, A. J., Laptook, A. R., Das, A., Smith, B., Simon, A., Greenberg, R. G., Annett, R., Lee, J., Snowden, J., Pedroza, C., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26605747
Philliben, R., Keene, J. C., Campbell, K., Karamian, A. G. S., Ostrander, B., Hobbs, R., Stidham, C., Kay, B., & Glotzbach, K. L. (2026) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-026-05048-7
Garofoli, F., Asteggiano, C., Minniti, M. L., Accorsi, P., Albertini, R., Angelini, M., Aversa, S., Ballante, E., Cabini, R. F., Caporali, C., et al. (2026) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/jpi.70147
Non-Verbal Communication in Newborns
Červinková, K., & Červenková, B. (2026) · Listy klinické logopedie · doi:10.36833/lkl.2026.012
Kim, S., Carle, A. C., Pickler, R. H., Jun, J., & Tubbs‐Cooley, H. L. (2026) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.70096
Mezoff, E. A., Duan, Q., Ollberding, N. J., Reverri, E. J., Buck, R. H., Barrett‐Reis, B., Yolton, K. A., & Morrow, A. L. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18152437
Shukla, A., Chowdhary, V., Yancey-Ward, B., Heller, N., Armikarina, D., Escapita, A. C., Mercado, L., Seigel, E., Hall, R. W., Schootman, M., et al. (2026) · Global Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.gpeds.2026.100377
Salisbury, A. L., Holmes, C. M., Svikis, D. S., Martin, C. E., Cothren, T., Cusack, S. E., Nelson, G., Burrington, L., Brake, C., Smith, E., et al. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.110315
Gao, M. M., Zhou, A. M., Li, Y., Neff, D., Raby, K. L., Conradt, E., & Crowell, S. E. (2026) · Child Development · doi:10.1093/chidev/aacag170
Liszka, L., Nguyen, T., Ibraham, C., & Pineda, R. G. (2026) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106676
Metadata
- Authors
- Lester, B. M., Tronick, E. Z., & in collaboration with T. Berry Brazelton, M.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2004-03-01
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- Supplement_2
- Pages
- 641-667
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2145494025
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (N01HD2-3159)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Keywords
- neurobehavioral assessment, preterm infants, neonatal neurobehavior, examination procedures, grading criteria, rating scales, infant handling
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Neuropsychological Tests, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk, Neonatal Screening, Infant Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review