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Climatic Heat Stress and Exercising Children and Adolescents
Abstract
This Policy Statement was reaffirmed November 2019 and March 2025.: Results of new research indicate that, contrary to previous thinking, youth do not have less effective thermoregulatory ability, insufficient cardiovascular capacity, or lower physical exertion tolerance compared with adults during exercise in the heat when adequate hydration is maintained. Accordingly, besides poor hydration status, the primary determinants of reduced performance and exertional heat-illness risk in youth during sports and other physical activities in a hot environment include undue physical exertion, insufficient recovery between repeated exercise bouts or closely scheduled same-day training sessions or rounds of sports competition, and inappropriately wearing clothing, uniforms, and protective equipment that play a role in excessive heat retention. Because these known contributing risk factors are modifiable, exertional heat illness is usually preventable. With appropriate preparation, modifications, and monitoring, most healthy children and adolescents can safely participate in outdoor sports and other physical activities through a wide range of challenging warm to hot climatic conditions.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bergeron, M. F., DiLaura Devore, C., Rice, S. G., & Council On Sports Medicine and Fitness and Council on School Health
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2011-09-01
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e741-e747
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W1917568452
- Semantic Scholar
- 0cacee82ef78833a8ee098cdc0ac03a4d52b6911
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
- Keywords
- heat stress, children, adolescents, thermoregulation, exertional heat illness, hydration, exercise in the heat, heat retention, heat illness prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Body Temperature Regulation, Humans, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Exercise, Heat Stress Disorders
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.