The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Epilepsy, and Cerebral Palsy in Norwegian Children
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have investigated the prevalence of neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders individually, but few have examined them collectively, and there is uncertainty as to what extent they overlap. METHODS: The study has determined the proportions of children aged 0 to 11 years with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, and cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway. The data were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Register, which is nationwide and contains diagnoses assigned by Norwegian specialist health services (hospitals and outpatient clinics). The Norwegian Patient Register started collecting individual-level data in 2008, and the follow-up period for the study is years 2008 through 2010. RESULTS: For ASD, ADHD, and epilepsy, the proportions were highest in the oldest children. At age 11 years, the incidence was 0.7% for ASD, 2.9% for ADHD, and 0.9% for epilepsy. The cumulative incidence is likely to be higher because some cases diagnosed before 2008 were probably missed. For CP, the proportions were ∼0.3% for age ≥5 years. There was considerable overlap between diagnoses. For all disorders, boys had a significantly increased risk. In school-age children (aged 6–11 years) the male/female ratio was 4.3 for ASD, 2.9 for ADHD, 1.2 for epilepsy, and 1.3 for CP. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the significant burden of disease associated with neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders in children and that this burden is disproportionately skewed toward boys.
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“Adverse childhood experiences, such as psychological and physical abuse and neglect, parental substance abuse and mental illness, all increase the risk of both physical and mental health problems, as well as health risk behaviours [36-41].”
From Mental disorders in foster children: a study of prevalence, comorbidity and risk factors (2013) · cites this paper as [38]
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Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520
The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis
Polanczyk, G., de Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., & Rohde, L. A. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.6.942 · Cited by 5,346
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Epidemiology of Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Fombonne, E. (2009) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e31819e7203 · Cited by 1,971
Trends in the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children, 1997-2008
Boyle, C. A., Boulet, S., Schieve, L. A., Cohen, R. A., Blumberg, S. J., Yeargin-Allsopp, M., Visser, S., & Kogan, M. D. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2989 · Cited by 1,732
General hospital psychiatry: the Italian experience.
Faraone, S. V., Sergeant, J. A., Gillberg, C., & Biederman, J. (2003) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 1,277
The epidemiology of cerebral palsy: Incidence, impairments and risk factors
Odding, E., Roebroeck, M. E., & Stam, H. J. (2006) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638280500158422 · Cited by 1,084
Cohort profile: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
Magnus, P. M., Irgens, L. M., Haug, K., Nystad, W., Skjærven, R., & Stoltenberg, C. (2006) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyl170 · Cited by 1,027
Self-citationRice, C. E. (2009) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e562722010-001 · Cited by 762
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Leader, G., Molina Bonilla, P., Naughton, K., Maher, L., Casburn, M., Arndt, S., & Mannion, A. (2021) · Developmental Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.1080/17518423.2020.1770353 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Surén, P., Bakken, I. J., Aase, H., Chin, R., Gunnes, N., Lie, K. K., Magnus, P., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Schjølberg, S., Øyen, A.-S., & Stoltenberg, C.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- The Norwegian Patient Register, Trondheim, Norway;
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway;
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2012-07-01
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e152-e158
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- PMC
- PMC4074608
- OpenAlex
- W2135881458
- Cited by
- 248
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 15.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd (189457)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U01NS047537, NS47537)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, neurodevelopmental disorders, neurological disorders, prevalence, incidence, comorbidities, sex differences, children
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cerebral Palsy, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Epilepsy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Norway, Registries, Comorbidity, Incidence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution
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