The DOI matches its OpenAlex record.
Children With Encopresis: A Descriptive Analysis
Abstract
During an 18-month period, 102 children with encopresis were seen in a general pediatric outpatient clinic. Through interviews and questionnaires, extensive historical information was obtained. Children were compared with respect to demographic characteristics, bowel-function histories, early training and management, and present manifestations of bowel dysfunction. A wide variety of historical backgrounds and manifestations was observed. It was found that many of the traditional generalizations about encopresis could not be substantiated. It is suggested that a very individualized approach to this problem be adopted and that children with encopresis be investigated carefully to uncover early developmental problems, critical life events, and the precise physiology and dynamics of present bowel dysfunction.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Constipation in early childhood: patient characteristics, treatment, and longterm follow up.
Loening-Baucke, V (1993) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.34.10.1400 · Cited by 288
An Internet intervention as adjunctive therapy for pediatric encopresis.
Ritterband, L. M., Cox, D. J., Walker, L. S., Kovatchev, B., McKnight, L., Patel, K., Borowitz, S., & Sutphen, J. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.5.910 · Cited by 154
Banaszkiewicz, A., & Szajewska, H. (2005) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.10.022 · Cited by 150
Metadata
- Authors
- Levine, M. D.
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics
- Published
- 1975-09-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 412-416
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1664648392
- Cited by
- 233
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Children With Encopresis: A Descriptive Analysis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1542/peds.56.3.412
- The paper
- Levine, M. D. (1975). Children With Encopresis: A Descriptive Analysis. PEDIATRICS. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.56.3.412
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
