Investigation of the First Seven Reported Cases of Candida auris, a Globally Emerging Invasive, Multidrug-Resistant Fungus — United States, May 2013–August 2016
Open accessAbstract
Candida auris, an emerging fungus that can cause invasive infections, is associated with high mortality and is often resistant to multiple antifungal drugs. C. auris was first described in 2009 after being isolated from external ear canal discharge of a patient in Japan (1). Since then, reports of C. auris infections, including bloodstream infections, have been published from several countries, including Colombia, India, Israel, Kenya, Kuwait, Pakistan, South Africa, South Korea, Venezuela, and the United Kingdom (2-7). To determine whether C. auris is present in the United States and to prepare for the possibility of transmission, CDC issued a clinical alert in June 2016 informing clinicians, laboratorians, infection control practitioners, and public health authorities about C. auris and requesting that C. auris cases be reported to state and local health departments and CDC (8). This report describes the first seven U.S. cases of C. auris infection reported to CDC as of August 31, 2016. Data from these cases suggest that transmission of C. auris might have occurred in U.S. health care facilities and demonstrate the need for attention to infection control measures to control the spread of this pathogen.
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These observations help explain C. auris's propensity for colonizing skin, persisting on hospital surfaces, and spreading efficiently in the hospital setting.
“These observations help to explain this pathogen’s propensity for colonizing skin, persisting on hospital surfaces, and spreading efficiently in the hospital setting (4, 19).”
From Candida auris Forms High-Burden Biofilms in Skin Niche Conditions and on Porcine Skin (2020) · cites this paper as [19]
The main report (page unavailable in our copy) documents skin colonization weeks to months after infection and C. auris on multiple surfaces in one hospital room. It says these findings suggest spread in health care settings is possible, but transmission was not definitively documented; it does not establish how long the organism persisted on surfaces or that it spread efficiently. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredC. auris poses an emerging threat in the United States and worldwide because of high-level antifungal resistance and spread in health care facilities.
“posing an emerging threat in the United States and worldwide because of high-level antifungal resistance and spread in health care facilities (67–69).”
From Population-Based Active Surveillance for Culture-Confirmed Candidemia — Four Sites, United States, 2012–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [69]
U.S. isolates are closely related to those of South America and South Asia.
“Because U.S. isolates are closely related to those of South America and South Asia, we used the genome sequenced South Asian clade CA 0387 (B8441) to compare with C. albicans (4, 30 – 32).”
From Differential skin immune responses in mice intradermally infected with <i>Candida auris</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
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References 9 · Cited by 302
- Authors
- Vallabhaneni, S., Kallen, A., Tsay, S., Chow, N., Welsh, R., Kerins, J., Kemble, S. K., Pacilli, M., Black, S. R., Landon, E., Ridgway, J., Palmore, T. N., Zelzany, A., Adams, E. H., Quinn, M., Chaturvedi, S., Greenko, J., Fernandez, R., Southwick, K., Furuya, E. Y., Calfee, D. P., Hamula, C., Patel, G., Barrett, P., MSD, Lafaro, P., Berkow, E. L., Moulton-Meissner, H., Noble-Wang, J., Fagan, R. P., Jackson, B. R., Lockhart, S. R., Litvintseva, A. P., & Chiller, T. M.
- Corresponding author
- Vallabhaneni, Snigdha
- ORCID
- Vallabhaneni, Snigdha
- Tsay, Sharon
- Chow, Nancy
- Welsh, Rory
- Kerins, Janna
- Kemble, Sarah K.
- Pacilli, Massimo
- Black, Stephanie R.
- Landon, Emily
- Ridgway, Jessica
- Palmore, Tara N.
- Chaturvedi, Sudha
- Greenko, Jane
- Southwick, Karen
- Furuya, E. Yoko
- Calfee, David P.
- Hamula, Camille
- Patel, Gopi
- Berkow, Elizabeth L.
- Moulton-Meissner, Heather
- Fagan, Ryan P.
- Jackson, Brendan R.
- Lockhart, Shawn R.
- Litvintseva, Anastasia P.
- Chiller, Tom M.
- Venue
- MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
- Published
- 2016-11-11
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 44
- Pages
- 1234-1237
- ISSN
- 0149-2195 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-861X
- OpenAlex
- W2547589532
- Cited by
- 302
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 43.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- New York State Department of Health
- State of New Jersey Department of Health
- Mount Sinai Health System
- National Institutes of Health
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Weill Cornell Medical College
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- Candida auris, invasive fungal infections, multidrug resistance, antifungal resistance, bloodstream infection, emerging fungal pathogens, infection control, case surveillance, United States
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida, Candidiasis, Humans, United States, Global Health, Fatal Outcome, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal
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