Cited by 274COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesCOVID-19 epidemiological studiesSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

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Hospitalizations Associated with COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020–August 14, 2021

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Delahoy, Miranda J., Ujamaa, Dawud, Whitaker, Michael, O'Halloran, Alissa, Anglin, Onika, Burns, Erin, Cummings, Charisse, Holstein, Rachel, Kambhampati, Anita K., Milucky, Jennifer, Patel, Kadam, Pham, Huong, Taylor, Christopher A., Chai, Shua J., Reingold, Arthur, Alden, Nisha B., Kawasaki, Breanna, Meek, James, Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly, Anderson, Evan J., Openo, Kyle P., Teno, Kenzie, Weigel, Andy, Kim, Sue, Leegwater, Lauren, Bye, Erica, Como-Sabetti, Kathryn, Ropp, Susan, Rudin, Dominic, Muse, Alison, Spina, Nancy, Bennett, Nancy M., Popham, Kevin, Billing, Laurie M., Shiltz, Eli, Sutton, Melissa, Thomas, Ann, Schaffner, William, Talbot, H. Keipp, Crossland, Melanie T., McCaffrey, Keegan, Hall, Aron J., Fry, Alicia M., McMorrow, Meredith, Reed, Carrie, Garg, Shikha, Havers, Fiona P., COVID-NET Surveillance Team, COVID-NET Surveillance Team, Kirley, Pam Daily, McLafferty, Sarah, Armistead, Isaac, Fawcett, Emily, Ward, Katelyn, Lynfield, Ruth, Danila, Richard, Khanlian, Sarah, Angeles, Kathy, Engesser, Kerianne, Rowe, Adam, Felsen, Christina, Bushey, Sophrena, Abdullah, Nasreen, West, Nicole, Markus, Tiffanie, Hill, Mary, George, Andrea·2021·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm7036e2PMC PMC8437052

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Abstract

Although COVID-19-associated hospitalizations and deaths have occurred more frequently in adults,† COVID-19 can also lead to severe outcomes in children and adolescents (1,2). Schools are opening for in-person learning, and many prekindergarten children are returning to early care and education programs during a time when the number of COVID-19 cases caused by the highly transmissible B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is increasing.§ Therefore, it is important to monitor indicators of severe COVID-19 among children and adolescents. This analysis uses Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET)¶ data to describe COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among U.S. children and adolescents aged 0-17 years. During March 1, 2020-August 14, 2021, the cumulative incidence of COVID-19-associated hospitalizations was 49.7 per 100,000 children and adolescents. The weekly COVID-19-associated hospitalization rate per 100,000 children and adolescents during the week ending August 14, 2021 (1.4) was nearly five times the rate during the week ending June 26, 2021 (0.3); among children aged 0-4 years, the weekly hospitalization rate during the week ending August 14, 2021, was nearly 10 times that during the week ending June 26, 2021.** During June 20-July 31, 2021, the hospitalization rate among unvaccinated adolescents (aged 12-17 years) was 10.1 times higher than that among fully vaccinated adolescents. Among all hospitalized children and adolescents with COVID-19, the proportions with indicators of severe disease (such as intensive care unit [ICU] admission) after the Delta variant became predominant (June 20-July 31, 2021) were similar to those earlier in the pandemic (March 1, 2020-June 19, 2021). Implementation of preventive measures to reduce transmission and severe outcomes in children is critical, including vaccination of eligible persons, universal mask wearing in schools, recommended mask wearing by persons aged ≥2 years in other indoor public spaces and child care centers,†† and quarantining as recommended after exposure to persons with COVID-19.§§.

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Authors: Delahoy, M. J., Ujamaa, D., Whitaker, M., O'Halloran, A., Anglin, O., Burns, E., Cummings, C., Holstein, R., Kambhampati, A. K., Milucky, J., Patel, K., Pham, H., Taylor, C. A., Chai, S. J., Reingold, A., Alden, N. B., Kawasaki, B., Meek, J., Yousey-Hindes, K., Anderson, E. J., Openo, K. P., Teno, K., Weigel, A., Kim, S., Leegwater, L., Bye, E., Como-Sabetti, K., Ropp, S., Rudin, D., Muse, A., Spina, N., Bennett, N. M., Popham, K., Billing, L. M., Shiltz, E., Sutton, M., Thomas, A., Schaffner, W., Talbot, H. K., Crossland, M. T., McCaffrey, K., Hall, A. J., Fry, A. M., McMorrow, M., Reed, C., Garg, S., Havers, F. P., COVID-NET Surveillance Team, COVID-NET Surveillance Team, Kirley, P. D., McLafferty, S., Armistead, I., Fawcett, E., Ward, K., Lynfield, R., Danila, R., Khanlian, S., Angeles, K., Engesser, K., Rowe, A., Felsen, C., Bushey, S., Abdullah, N., West, N., Markus, T., Hill, M., & George, A.
Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
General Dynamics (United States) (US)
Georgia Department of Public Health (US)
Minnesota Department of Health (US)
University of California, Berkeley (US)
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (US)
Yale University (US)
Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (US)
New Mexico Department of Health (US)
University of New Mexico (US)
New York State Department of Health (US)
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Ohio Department of Health (US)
Oregon Health Authority (US)
Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
Utah Department of Health (US)
Atlanta VA Medical Center (US)
Emory University (US)
Corresponding author: Delahoy, Miranda J.
ORCID: Delahoy, Miranda J.
Whitaker, Michael
Holstein, Rachel
Kambhampati, Anita K.
Milucky, Jennifer
Pham, Huong
Taylor, Christopher A.
Chai, Shua J.
Alden, Nisha B.
Kawasaki, Breanna
Meek, James
Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly
Anderson, Evan J.
Openo, Kyle P.
Kim, Sue
Leegwater, Lauren
Bennett, Nancy M.
Sutton, Melissa
Thomas, Ann
Schaffner, William
Talbot, H. Keipp
Hall, Aron J.
Fry, Alicia M.
McMorrow, Meredith
Reed, Carrie
Garg, Shikha
Havers, Fiona P.
Lynfield, Ruth
Engesser, Kerianne
Felsen, Christina
Markus, Tiffanie
Hill, Mary
Venue: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Publisher: Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office
Published: 2021-09-10
Volume: 70
Issue: 36
Pages: 1255-1260
ISSN: 0149-2195 (ISSN-L)
1545-861X
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7036e2
PMC: PMC8437052
OpenAlex: W3197266611
Cited by: 273
References: 8
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 140 · 2021: 34
FWCI: 20.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Locations: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Pfizer
Sanofi
New York State Department of Health
Minnesota Department of Health
Yale University
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
Vanderbilt University
Utah Department of Health
Emory University
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
University of Rochester
Michigan Department of Health and Human Services
Ohio Department of Health
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Moderna
National Institutes of Health (COVID-19)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
School of Medicine, Emory University
Medical Center, University of Rochester
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalization, children, adolescents, pediatric COVID-19, COVID-NET, SARS-CoV-2
MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Vaccination

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Hospitalizations Associated with COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020–August 14, 2021

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