Security evaluation for block scrambling-based image encryption including JPEG distortion against jigsaw puzzle solver attacks
Open accessAbstract
Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been considered for the user-controllable privacy protection of social media like Twitter. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the security of block scrambling-based encryption schemes, which have been proposed to construct EtC systems. Even though this scheme has enough key spaces against brute-force attacks, each block in encrypted images has almost the same correlation as that of original images. Therefore, it is required to consider the security from different viewpoints from number theory-based encryption methods with provable security such as RSA and AES. In this paper, we evaluate the security of encrypted images including JPEG distortion by using automatic jigsaw puzzle solvers.
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The encryption-then-compression framework of Kiya et al. does not seriously influence further compression and can withstand attacks based on conventional jigsaw puzzle solvers.
“Such encryption-then-compression framework does not seriously influence the further compression and can withstand the attacks based on conventional jigsaw puzzle solvers [113].”
From When an attacker meets a cipher-image in 2018: A year in review (2019) · cites this paper as [113]
The Conclusion (p. 4) reports strong robustness against jigsaw-puzzle-solver attacks for encrypted images including JPEG distortion. But the Introduction (p. 1) says some solvers can partly assemble encrypted images, and the paper does not establish that encryption has little effect on subsequent compression. The attack-resistance finding is therefore narrower than the citing sentence suggests. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Research works printed but not linked: 15
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- [2][2] R. Lagendijk, Z. Erkin, and M. Barni, 'Encrypted signal processing for privacy protection: Conveying the utility of homomorphic encryption and multiparty computation,' IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol.30, no.1, pp.82-105, 2013. -
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- [5][5] O. Watanabe, A. Uchida, T. Fukuhara, and H. Kiya, 'An encryption-then-compression system for jpeg 2000 standard,' IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp.1226-1230, 2015. -
- [6][6] K. Kurihara, M. Kikuchi, S. Imaizumi, S. Shiota, and H. Kiya, 'An encryption-then-compression system for jpeg/motion jpeg standard,' IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, vol.98, no.11, pp.2238-2245, 2015. -
- [7][7] K. Kurihara, S. Imaizumi, S. Shiota, and H. Kiya, 'An encryption-then-compression system for lossless image compression standards,' IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, vol.E100-D, no.1, pp.52-56, 2017. -
- [8][8] A. Jolfaei, X.W. Wu, and V. Muthukkumarasamy, 'On the security of permutation-only image encryption schemes,' IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol.11, no.2, pp.235-246, 2016. -
- [9][9] A. Gallagher, 'Jigsaw puzzles with pieces of unknown orientation,' IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp.382-389, 2012. -
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- [11][11] D. Sholomon, O.E. David, and N.S. Netanyahu, 'An automatic solver for very large jigsaw puzzles using genetic algorithms,' Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines, vol.17, no.3, pp.291-313, 2016. -
- [12][12] R. Yu, C. Russell, and L. Agapito, 'Solving jigsaw puzzles with linear programming,' arXiv preprint arXiv:1511.04472, 2015. - · arXiv
- [13][13] T. Chuman, K. Kurihara, and H. Kiya, 'On the security of block scrambling-based etc systems against jigsaw puzzle solver attacks,' IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp.21572161, 2017. -
- [14][14] T. Chuman, K. Kurihara, and H. Kiya, 'Security evaluation for block scrambling-based etc systems against extended jigsaw puzzle solver attacks,' IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), pp.229-234, 2017. -
- [15][15] T. Chuman, K. Kurihara, and H. Kiya, 'On the security of block scrambling-based etc systems against extended jigsaw puzzle solver attacks,' IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, vol.E101-D, no.1, 2017. -
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When an attacker meets a cipher-image in 2018: A year in review
Li, C., Zhang, Y., & Xie, E. Y. (2019) · Journal of Information Security and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2019.102361 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
- Authors
- CHUMAN, T., & KIYA, H.
- Affiliations
- Tokyo Metropolitan University (JP)
- Venue
- IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
- Published
- 2018-12-01
- Volume
- E101.A
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2405-2408
- ISSN
- 0916-8508 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1337
- OpenAlex
- W2887538593
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptographic Implementations and Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Computer Science and Engineering
- Keywords
- image encryption, block scrambling, encryption-then-compression, JPEG compression, social media privacy, brute-force attack resistance, correlation analysis, security analysis
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