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Central nervous system infectious diseases mimicking multiple sclerosis: recognizing distinguishable features using MRI
Open accessAbstract
The current diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) confirm the relevant role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), supporting the possibility of characterizing the dissemination in space (DIS) and the dissemination in time (DIT) in a single scan. To maintain the specificity of these criteria, it is necessary to determine whether T2/FLAIR visible lesions and the gadolinium enhancement can be attributed to diseases that mimic MS. Several diseases are included in the MS differential diagnosis list, including diseases with exacerbation, remitting periods and numerous treatable infectious diseases, which can mimic the MRI features of MS. We discuss the most relevant imaging features in several infectious diseases that resemble MS and examine the primary spatial distributions of lesions and the gadolinium enhancement patterns related to MS. Recognizing imaging "red flags" can be useful for the proper diagnostic evaluation of suspected cases of MS, facilitating the correct differential diagnosis by assessing the combined clinical, laboratory and MR imaging information.
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“Several studies support the applicability of the 2010 McDonald Criteria in children. 29-36”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria (2018) · cites this paper as [33]
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References 30 · Cited by 28
Metadata
- Authors
- Rocha, A. J. D., Littig, I. A., Nunes, R. H., & Tilbery, C. P.
- Affiliations
- Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Brazil; Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (BR)
- Venue
- Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
- Publisher
- FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 9B
- Pages
- 738-746
- ISSN
- 0004-282X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2015857495
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Keywords
- central nervous system infection, multiple sclerosis, differential diagnosis, MRI findings, gadolinium enhancement, dissemination in space, dissemination in time, diagnostic criteria
- MeSH terms
- Central Nervous System Infections, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Central nervous system infectious diseases mimicking multiple sclerosis: recognizing distinguishable features using MRI. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1590/0004-282x20130162
- The paper
- Rocha, A. J. D., Littig, I. A., Nunes, R. H., & Tilbery, C. P. (2013). Central nervous system infectious diseases mimicking multiple sclerosis: recognizing distinguishable features using MRI. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20130162
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