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The FF Planning System: Fast Plan Generation Through Heuristic Search

Open access
Hoffmann, J., Nebel, B.·2001·Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research

Abstract

We describe and evaluate the algorithmic techniques that are used in the FF planning system. Like the HSP system, FF relies on forward state space search, using a heuristic that estimates goal distances by ignoring delete lists. Unlike HSP's heuristic, our method does not assume facts to be independent. We introduce a novel search strategy that combines hill-climbing with systematic search, and we show how other powerful heuristic information can be extracted and used to prune the search space. FF was the most successful automatic planner at the recent AIPS-2000 planning competition. We review the results of the competition, give data for other benchmark domains, and investigate the reasons for the runtime performance of FF compared to HSP.

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Metadata

Authors
Hoffmann, J., & Nebel, B.
Venue
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Published
2001-05-01
Volume
14
Pages
253-302
ISSN
1076-9757 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1545688112
Cited by
1,838
References
1
FWCI
53.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The FF Planning System: Fast Plan Generation Through Heuristic Search. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1613/jair.855
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Hoffmann, J., & Nebel, B. (2001). The FF Planning System: Fast Plan Generation Through Heuristic Search. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.855

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