The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A reflection on identified challenges facing South African teachers
Open accessAbstract
The ongoing crisis in South African education and constant curriculum changes puts strain on school teachers. This article focuses on the challenges confronting teachers in the South African schooling context. The methodology of grounded theory has great potential to contribute to our understanding of challenges within particular substantive contexts. In order to understand the key challenges experienced in South African schools, a qualitative research approach was employed as the best option for the collection of relevant data. Multiple case studies were undertaken, using semi-structured individual interviews with 12 heads of departments and six focus group interviews with teachers. Results revealed inter alia challenges such as curriculum change, medium of instruction, overcrowded classrooms, discipline and lack of resources. Implications for stakeholders regarding support and the implementation of any new curriculum were pointed out.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research
Glaser, B. G., Strauss, A. L., & Strutzel, E. (1968) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-196807000-00014 · Cited by 39,449
Grounded Theory Research: Procedures, Canons, and Evaluative Criteria
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (1990) · Zeitschrift fur Soziologie · doi:10.1515/zfsoz-1990-0602 · Cited by 1,710 · cited 1×
“…from South Africa advocate the possibilities and value which these grounded theory methods offer for management-related research (Burden & Roodt, 2007), career research, occupation studies (Martin & Barnard, 2013) and the social sciences (Ngulube, Mathiapa & Gumbo, 2015; Corbin & Strauss, 1990).”
Special Invited Paper: Continuities, Contradictions, and Critical Inquiry in Grounded Theory
Charmaz, K. (2017) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/1609406917719350 · Cited by 214
Research works printed but not linked: 42
- Ahmad, H.A. (2016) Learner-centered approach to instructions: A strategy for redepositing education in Nigeria. Online Journal of New Horizons in Education 6(1) pp.78-81.
- Allan, G. (2003) A critique of using grounded theory as a research method. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods 2(1) pp.1-10.
- Arend, C. (2005) The voice of the teacher in curriculum development: A voice crying in the wilderness? South African Journal of Education 25(4) pp.223-228.
- Boyer, A. & Burnette, H.W. (2008) Problems facing American education. Focus on Colleges, Universities and Schools 2(1) pp.1-9.
- Brighouse, T. & Woods, D. (2013) The A-Z of school improvement, principles & practices. London: Bloomsbury.
- Burden, J. & Roodt, G. (2007) Grounded theory and its application in a recent study on organisational redesign: Some reflections and guidelines. SA Journal of Human Resource Management 5(3) pp.11-18. · DOI
- Charmaz, K. & Belgrave, L.L. (2007) Grounded theory (Online). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosg070.pub2/ (Accessed 24 January 2018). · DOI
- Dey, I. (1993) Qualitative data analysis. London: Routledge.
- Du Plessis, E.C. & Marais, P. (2015) Reflections on the NCS to NCS (CAPS): Foundation phase teachers’ experiences. The Independent Journal of Teaching and Learning (IJTL) 10 pp.114-126.
- Du Plessis, E.C. & Van der Westhuizen, G.J. (2018) Trends and patterns in the use of grounded theory in educational research in South Africa. Educational Research for Social Change (ERSC) 7(2) pp.1-21. · DOI
- Gbayange, N.S. (2014) The effects of poor performance in English language on the academic performance of Nigerian university students (Online). https://www.academia.edu/12469886/The_Effects_of_Poor_ Performance_in_English_Language_on_the_Academic_Performance_of_Nigerian_University_Students/ (Accessed 25 July 2017).
- Glaser, B.G. (1978) Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory: Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.
- Glaser, B.G. (1992) Basics of grounded theory analysis: Emergence vs. forcing. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.
- Green, D., Creswell, J., Shope, R. & Clark, V. (2007) Grounded theory and racial/ethnic diversity. In A. Bryant & K. Charmaz (Eds.) The Sage handbook of grounded theory. London: Sage, pp.472-492. · DOI
- Guest, G., Namey, E. & Mitchell, M.L. (2013) Collecting qualitative data: A field manual for applied research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. · DOI
- Hendrickson, K.A. (2015) Assessment in Finland: A scholarly reflection on one country’s use of formative, summative and evaluative practices. Mid-Western Education Researcher 25(1) pp.33-43.
- Horsthemke, K., Siyakwazi, P., Walton, E. & Wolhuter, J. (2013) Education studies: History, sociology, philosophy. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
- Howie, S.J. (2013) Language and other background factors affecting secondary pupils’ performance in mathematics in South Africa. African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology (Online). https://www.researchgate. net/publication/292733334_Language_and_other_background_ factors_affecting_secondary_pupils'_performance_in_mathematics_in_South_Africa/ (Accessed 20 June 2018).
- Johnson, B. & Christensen, L. (2004) Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Pearson.
- Kolb, S.M. (2012) Grounded theory and the constant comparative method: Valid research strategies for educators. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies 3(1) pp.83-86.
- Maarman, G.J. & Lamont-Mbawuli, K. (2017) A review of challenges in South African education and possible ways to improve educational outcome as suggested by decades of research, Africa Education Review 14:3-4 pp.263-289, doi.org/10.1080/18146627.2017.1321962 · DOI
- Maemeko, E.M., Nkengbeza, D. & Ntabi, M.L. (2017) Teachers’ perceptions on the causes of poor academic performance of Grade 12 learners in four selected schools in the Zambezi region of Namibia. IJRDO-Journal of Educational Research 2(14) pp.93-110.
- Maharajh, L.R., Nkosi, T. & Mkhize, M.C. (2016) Teachers’ experiences of the implementation of the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) in three primary schools in KwaZulu-Natal (Online). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 312666135_Teachers%27_Experiences_of_the_ Implementation_of_the_Curriculum_and_Assessment_Policy_Statement_C/ (Accessed 2 June 2017). · DOI
- Marais, P. (2016) We can’t believe what we see: Overcrowded classrooms through the eyes of student teachers. South African Journal of Education 36(2) pp.1-10. · DOI
- Martin, P. & Barnard, A. (2013) The experience of women in male-dominated occupations: A constructivist grounded theory inquiry. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 39(2) pp.1-12. · DOI
- Matshipi, M.G., Mulaudzi, N.O. & Mashau, T.S. (2017). Causes of overcrowded classes in rural primary schools (Online). https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09718923.2017.130556 8 (Accessed 20 July 2017). · DOI
- Mestry, R. & Khumalo, J. (2012) Governing bodies and learner discipline: Managing rural schools in South Africa through a code of conduct. South African Journal of Education 32(1) pp.97-110. · DOI
- Mosha, M.A. (2014) Factors affecting student's performance in English language in Zanzibar rural and urban secondary schools. Journal of Education and Practice 5
- (35) pp.64-76 (Online) https://www.iiste. org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/17455/17714 (Accessed 25 July 2017).
- Moss, J.M., Gibson, D.M. & Dollarhide, C.T. (2014) Professional identity development: A grounded theory of transformational tasks of counsellors. Journal of Counseling & Development 92(1) pp.3-18. · DOI · Paper page
- Mushtaq, I. & Khan, S.N. (2012) Factors Affecting Students’ Academic Performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research 12(9) pp.17-22.
- Ngulube, P., Mathiapa, E. & Gumbo, M.T. (2015) Theoretical and conceptual frameworks in the social and management sciences (Online). https://www.academia.edu/ 14019101/Theoretical_and_Conceptual_ Frameworks_in_the_Social_and_Management_Sciences/ (Accessed 12 August 2018).
- Nichols, J.D. (2004) An exploration of the discipline and suspension data. Journal of Negro Education 73(4) pp.408-423. · DOI
- Nyoni, M., Nyoni, T. & Bonga, W.G. (2017) Factors affecting students’ academic achievement in Zimbabwe’s rural secondary schools: A case study of Marimasimbe Secondary School in Jiri community (Online). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bonga_Wellington_Garikai/publication/315767454_ Factors_Affecting_Students'_Academic_Achievement_in_Zimbabwe's_Rur/ (Accessed 20 April 2019).
- Omwirhiren, E.M. & Anderson, F.E. (2016) Effect of class size and students’ attitude on academic performance in chemistry at Destration secondary school. Journal of Research Methods in Education 6(1) pp.1-6.
- Phasha, T., Bipath, K. & Beckmann, J. (2016) Teachers’ experiences regarding continuous professional development and the curriculum assessment policy statement (Online). https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c984/b91844dd0cb192c996e 1260863f4d903f663.pdf/ (Accessed 20 January 2018).
- Reche, G.N., Bundi, T.K., Riungu, J.N. & Mbugua, Z.K. (2012) Factors contributing to poor performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education in Public Day Primary School in Mwimbi Division, Maara District, Kenya. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 2(5) pp.127-133.
- Redman-MacLaren, M., & Mills, J. (2015) Transformational grounded theory: Theory, voice, and action. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 14(3) pp1-12. · DOI
- Reyneke, M., Meyer, L. & Nel, C. (2010) School-based assessment: The leash needed to keep the poetic ‘unruly pack of hounds’ effectively in the hunt for learning outcomes. South African Journal of Education 30(2) pp.277-292. · DOI
- Stanley, E.O. (2014) Discipline and academic performance (a study of selected secondary schools in Lagos, Nigeria). International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development 3(1) pp.181-194. · DOI
- Underwood, J. & Dia Lima, J. (2015) Rethinking practitioner research in education: Not transcribing but reflecting and some reflections on the nature of practitioner research (Online). http://www.researchgate. net/publication/279199169/ (Accessed 28 August 2017).
- Walsh, I. (2014) Using grounded theory to avoid research misconduct in management science. Grounded Theory Review. An International Journal 1(13) p.5.
Cited by
Ruswa, N., & Nhase, Z. (2026) · Journal of Education and Learning Technology · doi:10.38159/jelt.20267410
Metadata
- Authors
- Du Plessis, E., & Letshwene, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of South Africa (ZA)
- Venue
- The Independent Journal of Teaching and Learning
- Publisher
- Academy of Science of South Africa
- Published
- 2025-07-20
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 69-91
- ISSN
- 1818-9687 (ISSN-L)
- 2519-5670
- OpenAlex
- W3110672772
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14
- FWCI
- 73.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Independent Journal of Teaching and Learning (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Unisa Institutional Repository (University of South Africa) (submittedVersion)
- The Journal of Teaching and Learning
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
- Social Sciences › Education › African Education and Politics
- Social Sciences › Education › Education Pedagogy and Practices
- Keywords
- teacher challenges, South African education, curriculum change, language of instruction, overcrowded classrooms, classroom discipline, teaching materials shortage, department heads, teacher support, curriculum implementation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.