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Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
Abstract
This document describes the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS). This syntax is used to digitally sign, digest, authenticate, or encrypt arbitrary message content.
Overview
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Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cited by
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Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Instant Messaging
Rosenberg, J. M., Schulzrinne, H. G., Huitema, C., et al. (2002) · doi:10.17487/rfc3428 · Cited by 280
Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Standard
National Institute of Standards and Technology (US) (2024) · doi:10.6028/nist.fips.205 · Cited by 131
Transitioning to a Quantum-Resistant Public Key Infrastructure
Bindel, N., Herath, U., McKague, M., & Stebila, D. (2017) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59879-6_22 · Cited by 131
“Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [19] is the main cryptographic component of S/MIME [21], which enables public key encryption and digital signatures for email.”
BackgroundInfluentialA Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object Format
Peterson, J. N. (2005) · doi:10.17487/rfc4119 · Cited by 114
Security architecture of the Austrian citizen card concept
Leitold, H., Hollosi, A., & Posch, R. (2003) · Annual Computer Security Applications Conference · doi:10.1109/csac.2002.1176311 · Cited by 97
Public Key Cryptography Standards: PKCSPreprint
Wang, Y. (2012) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1207.5446 · Cited by 91
“PKCS #7 has been superseded by IETF RFC 3369 (Housley 2002): c ryptographic message syntax (CMS), which is the basis for the S/MIME specification.”
MethodEfficient Padding Oracle Attacks on Cryptographic Hardware
Bardou, R., Focardi, R., Kawamoto, Y., Simionato, L., Steel, G., & Tsay, J.-K. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32009-5_36 · Cited by 88
“One way to do this is the so-called RC5 padding, also known as PKCS padding and described in RFC 5652 [11].”
BackgroundCybersecurity in PACS and Medical Imaging: an Overview
Eichelberg, M., Kleber, K., & Kämmerer, M. (2020) · Journal of Imaging Informatics in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10278-020-00393-3 · Cited by 71
“This profile defines an encrypted DICOM file format where the complete DICOM image is encapsulated using CMS [53], the same format that is also used for selective encryption.”
MethodFrosch, T., Mainka, C., Bader, C., Bergsma, F., Schwenk, J., & Holz, T. (2016) · IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy · doi:10.1109/eurosp.2016.41 · Cited by 65
“Symmetric encryption in TEXTSECURE relies on AES [19] in both, counter mode without padding and cipher block chaining mode with PKCS7 [20] padding.”
MethodReal Time Control Protocol (RTCP) attribute in Session Description Protocol (SDP)
Huitema, C. (2003) · doi:10.17487/rfc3605 · Cited by 64
Boyen, X., & Martin, L. (2007) · doi:10.17487/rfc5091 · Cited by 64
Jones, M. B., & Hildebrand, J. (2015) · doi:10.17487/rfc7516 · Cited by 63
Plug-and-play PKI: a PKI your mother can use
Gutmann, P. (2003) · USENIX Security Symposium · Cited by 51
Efail: Breaking S/MIME and OpenPGP Email Encryption using Exfiltration Channels
Poddebniak, D., Dresen, C., Müller, J., et al. (2018) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.2594631 · Cited by 42
Deploying a New Hash Algorithm
Bellovin, S. M., & Rescorla, E. K. (2005) · doi:10.7916/d85149f0 · Cited by 42
End-to-End Signing and Object Encryption for the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
Saint-Andre, P. (2004) · doi:10.17487/rfc3923 · Cited by 37
On reusing ephemeral keys in Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocols
Menezes, A., & Ustaoğlu, B. (2010) · International Journal of Applied Cryptography · doi:10.1504/ijact.2010.038308 · Cited by 36
“…launch the small-subgroup attack described above by selecting B ∈ G′ = E′(Fp), where E′ : V 2 = U3 +αU +β′ is an elliptic curve whose order is divisible by a relatively small prime factor t. Â can easily thwart the attack by checking that B is a point in E(Fp) (and is not the point at infinity).”
BackgroundEfficient and secure outsourcing of genomic data storage
Sousa, J. S., Lefebvre, C., Huang, Z., Raisaro, J. L., Melchor, C. A., Killijian, M., & Hubaux, J. (2017) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12920-017-0275-0 · Cited by 36
“We refer to the PKCS #7 padding scheme [21], where the value of each dummy element is equal to the number of dummy elements.”
MethodUsing AES-CCM and AES-GCM Authenticated Encryption in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
Housley, R. (2007) · doi:10.17487/rfc5084 · Cited by 34
Self-citationSupporting the Secure Deployment of OSGi Bundles
Parrend, P., & Frénot, S. (2007) · IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) · doi:10.1109/wowmom.2007.4351681 · Cited by 33
“The necessary meta-data is encapsulated in a file compliant with the ‘Cryptographic Message Syntax’ [8].”
MethodIdentity-Based Encryption Architecture and Supporting Data Structures
Appenzeller, G., Martin, L., & Schertler, M. J. (2009) · doi:10.17487/rfc5408 · Cited by 33
Secure information embedding into 1D biomedical signals based on SPIHT
Rubio, Ó. J., Alesanco, Á., & García, J. (2013) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2013.05.002 · Cited by 25
Gadelha, L. M. R., Jr., & Mattoso, M. (2008) · IEEE International Conference on eScience · doi:10.1109/escience.2008.161 · Cited by 26
“Time-stamping and digital signatures techniques are described in a number of different standards, Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) digital signatures [7] and the TSP [1] use an ASN.”
MethodSecRBAC: Secure data in the Clouds
Perez, J. M. M., Pérez, G. M., & Skármeta, A. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Services Computing · doi:10.1109/tsc.2016.2553668 · Cited by 25
“The format of the resulting document has been developed to be compliant with the standard Cryptographic Message Syntax [22].”
BackgroundMethodMIME-Based Secure Peer-to-Peer Business Data Interchange Using HTTP, Applicability Statement 2 (AS2)
Moberg, D., & Drummond, R. J. (2005) · doi:10.17487/rfc4130 · Cited by 25
Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) Authenticated-Enveloped-Data Content Type
Housley, R. (2007) · doi:10.17487/rfc5083 · Cited by 23
Self-citationX509Cloud — Framework for a ubiquitous PKI
Tewari, H., Hughes, A., Weber, S., et al. (2017) · IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) · doi:10.1109/milcom.2017.8170796 · Cited by 22
S/MIME Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Requirement for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Peterson, J. N. (2004) · doi:10.17487/rfc3853 · Cited by 22
Guidelines for Cryptographic Algorithm Agility and Selecting Mandatory-to-Implement Algorithms
Housley, R. (2015) · Request for Comments · doi:10.17487/rfc7696 · Cited by 21
Self-citationHardware-secured and transparent multi-stakeholder data exchange for industrial IoT
Lesjak, C., Bock, H., Hein, D. M., & Maritsch, M. (2016) · IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN) · doi:10.1109/indin.2016.7819251 · Cited by 18
“The actual encryption and CMS-enveloping is executed on the Mediator host and depends linearly on the snapshot size.”
MethodInfluentialA smart-phone based privacy-preserving security framework for IoT devices
Togan, M., Chifor, B.-C., Florea, I., & Gugulea, G. (2017) · 2017 9th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI) · doi:10.1109/ecai.2017.8166453 · Cited by 26
“A standard structure (like [3]), or a custom one, could be used to envelope the”
MethodSoK: Securing Email—A Stakeholder-Based Analysis
Clark, J., van Oorschot, P. C., Ruoti, S., Seamons, K. E., & Zappala, D. (2021) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-64322-8_18 · Cited by 15
“S/MIME’s Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [68] has origins in PEM and PKCS.”
BackgroundMartin, L., & Schertler, M. J. (2009) · doi:10.17487/rfc5409 · Cited by 15
Towards Interoperable Enclave Attestation: Learnings from Decades of Academic Work
Niemi, A., Sovio, S., & Ekberg, J.-E. (2022) · Conference of Open Innovations Association (FRUCT) · doi:10.23919/fruct54823.2022.9770907 · Cited by 13
“Standard formats for signed data, such as CMS [56] and COSE [57] can be used for this purpose.”
MethodA new fair non-repudiation protocol for secure negotiation and contract signing
Ruiz‐Martínez, A., Marín‐López, C. I., Baño-López, L., et al. (2006) · doi:10.1145/1501434.1501454 · Cited by 13
Device-Oriented Group Messaging: A Formal Cryptographic Analysis of Matrix’ Core
Albrecht, M. R., Dowling, B., & Jones, D. L. (2024) · IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P) · doi:10.1109/sp54263.2024.00075 · Cited by 14
RPKI Time-of-Flight: Tracking Delays in the Management, Control, and Data Planes
Fontugne, R., Phokeer, A., Pelsser, C., et al. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28486-1_18 · Cited by 12
“The signing delay is computed using the signing timestamp found in the ROA, more specifically in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [22] wrapper of the signed object.”
MethodDigital Copyright Works Management System Based on DOSA
Miao, F., Yang, W., Fan, W., et al. (2018) · International Conference on Computer Science and Application Engineering (CSAE) · doi:10.1145/3207677.3278047 · Cited by 12
rpkiller: Threat Analysis of the BGP Resource Public Key Infrastructure
van Hove, K., van der Ham, J., & van Rijswijk-Deij, R. (2023) · Digital Threats Research and Practice · doi:10.1145/3617182 · Cited by 11
Validity Models of Electronic Signatures and Their Enforcement in Practice
Baier, H., & Karatsiolis, V. (2010) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16441-5_17 · Cited by 11
“These signatures are called advanced electronic signatures and their format conforms to the Cryptographic Message Syntax specification (CMS, [Hou04]).”
MethodFile Encryption and Hiding Application Based on AES and Append Insertion Steganography
Prasetyadi, G. C., Refianti, R., & Mutiara, A. B. (2018) · TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) · doi:10.12928/telkomnika.v16i1.6409 · Cited by 10
Synchronizing DDoS defense at network edge with P4, SDN, and Blockchain
Febro, A., Xiao, H., Spring, J., et al. (2022) · Computer Networks · doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2022.109267 · Cited by 10
“This MUD initiative also includes specification for its data modeling [9], data interchange format [10], access list [11], data serialization [12], and signature [13].”
Mitigation of Attacks on Email End-to-End Encryption
Schwenk, J., Brinkmann, M., Poddebniak, D., et al. (2020) · ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) · doi:10.1145/3372297.3417878 · Cited by 10
“S/MIME relies on the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) to digitally sign, authenticate, or encrypt arbitrary messages [18].”
MethodZhu, L., Jaganathan, K., & Lauter, K. (2008) · doi:10.17487/rfc5349 · Cited by 10
Kowalski, M., & Mazurczyk, W. (2023) · Computer Networks · doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2023.109778 · Cited by 9
Blockchain-Based Authenticated Stego-Channels and Application to Ethereum
Kanth, V., & Hale, B. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing · doi:10.1109/tdsc.2024.3399696 · Cited by 9
GROK: A Practical System for Securing Group Communications
Cooley, J. A., Khazan, R. I., Fuller, B. W., & Pickard, G. E. (2010) · IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA) · doi:10.1109/nca.2010.20 · Cited by 9
“In the future, we plan to develop new rekeying modes, apply GROK to securing IP multicast, use the Cryptographic Message Syntax [34] as a message packing format, and implement more design features.”
MethodMedia-Break Resistant eSignatures in eGovernment: An Austrian Experience
Leitold, H., Posch, R., & Rößler, T. (2009) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01244-0_10 · Cited by 9
Securing physical documents with digital signatures
Winter, C., Berchtold, W., & Hollenbeck, J. N. (2019) · IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP) · doi:10.1109/mmsp.2019.8901807 · Cited by 9
“CMS is encoded with the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) [12] and, where a unique representation of data is needed, with the subset DER.”
MethodResource Certification - A Public Key Infrastructure for IP Addresses and AS's
Huston, G., Michaelson, G., & Kent, S. (2009) · IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps) · doi:10.1109/glocomw.2009.5360715 · Cited by 9
“The CMS object also includes the EE resource certificate for the key used to verify the ROA.”
MethodInfluentialRequirements for End-to-Middle Security for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Ono, K., & Tachimoto, S. (2005) · doi:10.17487/rfc4189 · Cited by 9
Frosch, T., Mainka, C., Bader, C., et al. (2014) · Cited by 8
He, Z., Furuhed, M., & Raza, S. (2019) · doi:10.1145/3317549.3323408 · Cited by 8
JSON Web Encryption (JWE) draft-ietf-jose-json-web-encryption-09
Jones, M. B., Rescorla, E. K., & Hildebrand, J. (2013) · Cited by 7
SHAMROCK: A Synthesizable High Assurance Cryptography and Key management coprocessor
Whelihan, D. J., Vai, M., Utin, D., et al. (2016) · IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) · doi:10.1109/milcom.2016.7795301 · Cited by 7
“Keywrap messages are formatted using the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [11], and parsed using an ASN.1 syntax parser[12].”
MethodeVoting with the European Citizen Card.
Meister, G., Hühnlein, D., Eichholz, J., et al. (2008) · Cited by 7
Network Time Security specification
Sibold, D., & Teichel, K. (2016) · European Frequency and Time Forum · doi:10.1109/eftf.2016.7477786 · Cited by 7
“The usage of the CMS represents a strong countermeasure to the second of the discovered attacks.”
High-Level Cryptographic Abstractions
Kane, C., Lin, B., Chand, S., Stoller, S. D., & Liu, Y. A. (2019) · doi:10.1145/3338504.3357343 · Cited by 8
“For example, when using a block cipher in CBC mode, SecAlgo applies the PKCS7 [46] padding algorithm, which appends N bytes of value N to pad the plaintext to a multiple of the block size, where: Any padding is stripped from the decrypted data before it is returned.”
SAMLizing the European Citizen Card.
Eichholz, J., Hühnlein, D., & Schwenk, J. (2009) · Cited by 7
Optimistic protocol for certified electronic mail with verifiable TTP
Gomila, J. L. F., Hinarejos, M. F., Draper-Gil, G., et al. (2017) · Computer Standards & Interfaces · doi:10.1016/j.csi.2017.11.001 · Cited by 7
New Vistas in elliptic curve cryptography
LaMacchia, B. A., & Manferdelli, J. L. (2006) · Information Security Technical Report · doi:10.1016/j.istr.2006.09.002 · Cited by 6
A lightweight payment scheme for real-time services based on SIP
Ruiz‐Martínez, A., & Marín‐López, C. I. (2012) · EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking · doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2012-161 · Cited by 6
“For computational efficiency, this is implemented using either a digital envelope (in RSA) or the ephemeral-static Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key agreement algorithm (in ECC) as specified in [55,56]. where: (cid:129) K VB .”
MethodHorsch, M., & Stopczynski, M. (2011) · Cited by 6
Use of the RSASSA-PSS Signature Algorithm in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
Schaad, J. (2005) · doi:10.17487/rfc4056 · Cited by 6
Schönwälder, J. (2013) · Cited by 5
First Results of a Formal Analysis of the Network Time Security Specification
Teichel, K., Sibold, D., & Stefan Milius, B. (2015) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27152-1_12 · Cited by 5
“6.3.2] with a measure conforming to Countermeasure 13, which mitigates Attack 12. stefan.milius@fau.de In version 05, the usage of the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [13] was introduced [29, Version 05, Sect.”
MethodInfluentialAn Analysis of Amazon Echo's Network Behavior
Janak, J., Tseng, T., Isaacs, A., et al. (2021) · Globecom · doi:10.1109/globecom46510.2021.9685138 · Cited by 5
“The encrypted key and Wi-Fi credential are then transmitted in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) format [16].”
MethodIntroducing keytagging, a novel technique for the protection of medical image-based tests
Rubio, Ó. J., Alesanco, Á., & García, J. (2015) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2015.05.002 · Cited by 5
Efficient Record-Level Keyless Signatures for Audit Logs
Buldas, A., Truu, A., Laanoja, R., & Gerhards, R. (2014) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11599-3_9 · Cited by 5
“While it could seem natural to sign them using a standard public-key signature such as an OpenPGP [5] or PKCS#7 [9, 8] one, these offline signing technologies do not provide good forward security in case the logging server is compromised or privileged insiders abuse their access.”
BackgroundDomain Name System Uniform Resource Identifiers
Josefsson, S. (2006) · doi:10.17487/rfc4501 · Cited by 5
PriMan: Facilitating the Development of Secure and Privacy-Preserving Applications
Put, A., Dacosta, I., Milutinovic, M., & Decker, B. D. (2014) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55415-5_34 · Cited by 4
Linkable message tagging: solving the key distribution problem of signature schemes
Günther, F., & Poettering, B. (2016) · International Journal of Information Security · doi:10.1007/s10207-016-0327-z · Cited by 4
“It builds on the Cryptographic Message Syntax [24–26] from PKCS #7 and presumes authenticated distribution of public keys through a X.”
BackgroundPolicy-driven System Management
Plate, H., Basile, C., & Paraboschi, S. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394397-2.00023-4 · Cited by 4
Transporting Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) Objects in X.400
Hoffman, P., & Bonatti, C. (2004) · doi:10.17487/rfc3855 · Cited by 4
HyperDegrade: From GHz to MHz Effective CPU FrequenciesPreprint
Aldaya, A. C., & Brumley, B. B. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2101.01077 · Cited by 4
“According to Intel, a machine clear or nuke causes the entire pipeline to be cleared, thus producing a severe performance penalty [1, 19-112].”
BackgroundMethodPersonal Identity Verification (PIV) of Federal Employees and ContractorsPreprint
(2020) · doi:10.6028/nist.fips.201-3-draft · Cited by 4
An advanced certificate validation service and architecture based on XKMS
Ruiz‐Martínez, A., Sánchez‐Martínez, D., Marín‐López, C. I., et al. (2010) · Software Practice and Experience · doi:10.1002/spe.996 · Cited by 3
“The e-signature of such documents is expressed according to formats, such as PKCS#7 [20]/CMS [21] or XMLDSig [22].”
MethodCrySIL: Bringing Crypto to the Modern User
Reimair, F., Teufl, P., & Zefferer, T. (2016) · Lecture notes in business information processing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30996-5_4 · Cited by 3
Foreign Identities in the Austrian E-Government
Ivkovic, M., & Stranacher, K. (2010) · IFIP International Federation for Information Processing/IFIP · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17303-5_3 · Cited by 3
New Trends in Femtocell Backhaul Security
Rohlik, M., & Vaněk, T. (2013) · PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY · Cited by 3
An Open Interface Enabling Secure E-Government
Hollosi, A., Posch, R., & Leitold, H. (2002) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-35612-9_19 · Cited by 3
From the eCard-API-Framework Towards a Comprehensive eID-Framework for Europe
Hühnlein, D., & Bach, M. (2007) · Vieweg eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-8348-9418-2_29 · Cited by 3
Using Message Authentication Code (MAC) Encryption in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
Gutmann, P. (2012) · doi:10.17487/rfc6476 · Cited by 3
Registration of Military Message Handling System (MMHS) Header Fields for Use in Internet Mail
Melnikov, A., & Lunt, G. (2012) · doi:10.17487/rfc6477 · Cited by 3
Elliptic Curve Algorithms for Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) Asymmetric Key Package Content Type
Turner, S. (2011) · doi:10.17487/rfc6162 · Cited by 3
Algorithms for Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) Encrypted Key Package Content Type
Turner, S. (2010) · doi:10.17487/rfc6033 · Cited by 3
Schaad, J., & Turner, S. (2011) · doi:10.17487/rfc6268 · Cited by 3
Algorithms for Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) Protection of Symmetric Key Package Content Types
Turner, S. (2011) · doi:10.17487/rfc6160 · Cited by 3
DNSSEC Trust Anchor Publication for the Root Zone
Abley, J., Schlyter, J., Bailey, G., et al. (2016) · doi:10.17487/rfc7958 · Cited by 3
Modèles de Sécurité logicielle pour les plates-formes à composants de service (SOP)
Parrend, P. (2008) · HAL · Cited by 3
Maintaining and using key history on personal identity verification (PIV) cards
Cooper, D. A. (2010) · doi:10.6028/nist.ir.7676 · Cited by 3
Linkable Message Tagging: Solving the key distribution problem of signature schemes.Preprint
Günther, F., & Poettering, B. (2014) · IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive · Cited by 3
Software Security Models for Service-Oriented Programming (SOP) Platforms
Parrend, P. (2008) · HAL · Cited by 3
JSON Web Encryption (JWE) draft-jones-json-web-encryption-02
Rescorla, E. K., & Hildebrand, J. (2012) · Cited by 2
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on RESTful Design
Alarcón, R. A., Pautasso, C., & Wilde, E. (2010) · International Workshop on RESTful Design · Cited by 2
Towards Mobile Government: Verification of Electronic Signatures on Smartphones
Zefferer, T., Golser, F., & Lenz, T. (2013) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40160-2_12 · Cited by 2
A search engine for the global PKI
Rabinovich, P. (2010) · Journal of Internet Services and Applications · doi:10.1007/s13174-010-0009-4 · Cited by 2
“– Objects in the Cryptographic Message Syntax format defined by PKCS #7 [20] and RFC 3852 [17].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Housley, R.
- Corresponding author
- Housley, R.
- Publisher
- RFC Editor
- Published
- 2009-09
- OpenAlex
- W2270964349
- Semantic Scholar
- 80a7ab06e0a5325a6a0b584d34e0134cb6667fde
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- Type
- report
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptographic Implementations and Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Cryptography and Data Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Advanced Authentication Protocols Security
- Keywords
- Cryptographic Message Syntax, CMS, digital signatures, message authentication, message encryption, ASN.1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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