The Validation of the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory.
Abstract
To evaluate the validity of the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory (PMWI), 100 women were interviewed. Both PMWI subscales (dominance/isolation and emotional/verbal) successfully discriminated among three groups: physically abused women (BW) scored significantly higher than both relationship distressed/nonabused (RD) and relationship satisfied/nonabused women (RS). Both subscales of the PMWI were highly correlated with the nonphysical abuse subscale of the Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA). A 14-item short version of the PMWI also successfully discriminated between the BW and RD groups. When the battered women were divided into service seeking (SB) and nonservice seeking battered women (CB), a more complex picture emerged. The SB group scored significantly higher than the RD and RS group on all PMWI long and short subscales. However, the CB group differed from the RD group only on the short dominance/isolation subscale.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The domination/isolation subscale of the PMWI-DI or its short form was the most frequently used coercive control measure (n = 17).
“The domination/isolation subscale of the PMWI-DI (Tolman, 1989) or its short form (PMWI-SF-DI; Tolman, 1999) were most frequently used (n = 17).”
From The Trauma and Mental Health Impacts of Coercive Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Tolman, 1999
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
Cited by 462
- Authors
- Tolman, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tolman, Richard M.
- ORCID
- Tolman, Richard M.
- Venue
- Violence and Victims
- Publisher
- Springer Publishing Company
- Published
- 1999-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-37
- ISSN
- 0886-6708 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7073
- OpenAlex
- W1887653478
- Cited by
- 462
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 10.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Violence and Victims (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Demography › Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Keywords
- psychological violence, intimate partner violence, battered women, emotional abuse, verbal abuse, relationship distress, Index of Spouse Abuse, instrument validation, short-form scale
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Conflict, Psychological, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Jealousy, Severity of Illness Index, Social Isolation, Spouse Abuse, Verbal Behavior, Reproducibility of Results, Discriminant Analysis, Case-Control Studies, Battered Women
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
