CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 187Behavioral and Psychological StudiesChild Nutrition and Feeding IssuesAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

ESTABLISHING OPERATIONS AND REINFORCEMENT EFFECTS

Open access
Vollmer, Timothy R., Iwata, Brian A.·1991·Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
DOI 10.1901/jaba.1991.24-279PMC PMC1279573
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Positive reinforcement procedures have had a major impact on educational programs for the developmentally disabled; nevertheless, variation in reinforcer effectiveness both within and across individuals is a common phenomenon. This study examined one class of variables—establishing operations—that might influence the effectiveness of reinforcers. Five developmentally disabled adult males participated. Responding on one of two motor tasks—switch closure or block placement—was assessed during baseline, satiation, and deprivation conditions with respect to three classes of consequences: small food items, music, and social praise. Deprivation and satiation conditions were constructed so as not to alter significantly the normal course of events in a subject's day. For example, food deprivation entailed scheduling sessions just prior to a subject's regular lunch, and social deprivation involved limiting a subject's access to social interaction for 15 minutes, during which time the subject had access to an assortment of other activities. Results showed that each stimulus class functioned as reinforcement with different degrees of effectiveness during satiation versus deprivation conditions. These results are discussed in light of previous research on enhancement of reinforcer efficacy as well as the assessment and identification of functional reinforcers, and implications are presented for future research and client habilitation.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1901/jaba.1991.24-279

Cites

21 of 21 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 187

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Vollmer, T. R., & Iwata, B. A.
Affiliations
University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Vollmer, Timothy R.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1991-06
Volume
24
Issue
2
Pages
279-291
ISSN
  • 0021-8855 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-3703
DOI
10.1901/jaba.1991.24-279
PMC
PMC1279573
OpenAlex
W2167077741
Cited by
187
References
21
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI
9.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 7942 d)
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords
establishing operations, reinforcer effectiveness, satiation, deprivation, food deprivation, social deprivation, positive reinforcement, motor tasks, block placement, habilitation
MeSH terms
Adult, Behavior Therapy, Humans, Male, Intellectual Disability, Motivation, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reinforcement, Social, Token Economy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review