The effect of snail secretion filtrate on photoaged skin
Open accessAbstract
Skin is the organ in permanent contact with environmental factors which could accelerate the aging process. The changes occurring due to the aging process are particularly noticeable in the skin. Skin ageing is dependent on endogenous and exogenous factors determined by environmental factors, primarily the ultraviolet radiation (photoaging).The Authors reviewed the articles available at PubMed, ResearchGate and GoogleScholar on the composition and application of preparations containing snail mucus. The results of the literature analysis revealed that snail mucus contains substances such as allantoin, glycolic acid, lactic acid, collagen, elastin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinases as well as their inhibitors, and antioxidant enzymes. Also, it was demonstrated that the use of preparations containing snail mucus had beneficial effects on the condition of the skin, including improved skin hydration, normalisation of the thickness of the epidermis, improved skin structure, increased cell proliferation index, reduction of skin elastosis and decreased hyperpigmentation. Moreover, the regenerative mechanism of action of snail mucus resulted in a clinical alleviation of lesions in patients with dermatological problems of various aetiology. Therefore, it appears that snail mucus could be a good biostimulator and its use has many beneficial effects for the skin.
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Collagen and elastic fibers in the extracellular matrix of skin degrade under factors including ultraviolet radiation, forming wrinkles, increased skin laxity, and loss of skin firmness.
“The important components of the extracellular matrix of skin are collagen and elastic fibers, which degrade under the influence of different factors, among which is ultraviolet (UV) radiation, forming wrinkles, increased skin laxity, and loss of skin firmness [32,57,60].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
The Abstract (no page indicated) identifies ultraviolet radiation as a major environmental factor in skin aging and mentions collagen, elastin, and extracellular-matrix metalloproteinases. It does not state that UV degrades collagen and elastic fibers or link that degradation to wrinkles, laxity, and loss of firmness; searches for those terms found no such passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.80)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWojnarowicz et al. (2021) provided data from several studies in which cosmetic products containing snail mucus improved skin elasticity, hydration, and smoothness based on subjective volunteer opinion.
“Wojnarowicz et al. (2021) [57] provided data from several studies in which, based on the subjective opinion of volunteers, the use of cosmetic products containing snail mucus resulted in an improvement in skin elasticity, hydration, and smoothness.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
The Abstract (page not available) says the authors reviewed studies of snail-mucus preparations and reports improved skin hydration and structure. The available passages do not say that volunteers subjectively reported improvements in elasticity or smoothness; searches for those terms and volunteer opinions found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAfter UV irradiation, the moisture content in the skin decreases significantly, and UV-induced ROS generation increases MMP-1 expression in human keratinocytes.
“After the UV irradiation, the moisture content in the skin decreases significantly, and UV-induced ROS generation increases MMP-1 expression in human keratinocytes [57,60].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
The indexed copy’s Abstract identifies UV radiation as a factor in photoaging and reports improved hydration with snail-mucus preparations, but it does not say that UV irradiation significantly reduces skin moisture. Searches for that effect and for UV-induced ROS increasing MMP-1 in human keratinocytes returned no passage stating either finding; the other relevant matches are in the References section. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased expression of collagenases (MMP-1) results in degradation of collagen fibers, whereas increased activity of elastases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) leads to elastin degradation.
“An increased expression of collagenases (MMP-1) results in degradation of collagen fibers, whereas an increased activity of elastases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) leads to elastin degradation [57].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [57]
The Abstract mentions collagen, elastin, and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases, but does not describe which enzymes degrade which fibers. Searches for MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, collagenases, elastases, and fiber degradation found no passage in our copy stating the claimed mechanism. (LLM, conf=0.70)
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [1]1. The effect of snail secretion filtrate on photoaged skin. JoFA [Internet]. 2021 Dec. 31 [cited 2026 Nov. 1];4(2):113-27. Available from: https://jofa.ump.edu.pl/index.php/jofa/article/view/49 ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Make a Submission Make a Submission Key Facts Uniwersytet Medyczny w Poznaniu - Otwiera się w nowym oknie Published by Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland ISSN: 2545-3750 eISSN: 2719-356X DOI: 10.20883/issn.2545-3750 Indexed in: DOAJ (doaj.org/toc/2719-356X) Ministry of Science and Higher Education: 5 pts per article CC BY 4.0 All currently published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited (see link). Articles published from 2018 to 2022 are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncomercial-Sharealike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (see link). Published by Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland ISSN: 2545-3750 eISSN: 2719-356X DOI: 10.20883/issn.2545-3750 All currently published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited (see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Articles published from 2018 to 2022 are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncomercial-Sharealike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). Privacy statement: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party. More information about the publishing system, Platform and Workflow by OJS/PKP. · DOI
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Hudz, N., Turkina, V., Alyokhina, T., Motyka, O., Chemerys, N., Rumynska, T., Lozynskyi, A., Jasicka-Misiak, I., & Kobylinska, L. (2025) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules30214197 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wojnarowicz, J., Wilk, A., Duchnik, E., & Marchlewicz, M.
- Affiliations
- Pomeranian Medical University (PL)
- Venue
- Journal of Face Aesthetics
- Published
- 2021-12-31
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 113-127
- ISSN
- 2545-3750 (ISSN-L)
- 2719-356X
- OpenAlex
- W4213457066
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Face Aesthetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques
- Keywords
- snail mucus, photoaging, skin aging, ultraviolet radiation, allantoin, glycolic acid, lactic acid, collagen, elastin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinases, antioxidant enzymes, skin hydration, epidermal thickness, elastosis, hyperpigmentation, skin regeneration, biostimulants
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