Gestational diabetes and overt diabetes first diagnosed in pregnancy: characteristics, therapeutic approach and perinatal outcomes in a public healthcare referral center in Brazil
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics, management, and fetal outcomes of patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or overt diabetes (OD) during pregnancy who followed up at a public healthcare referral center in Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study based on the medical records of women diagnosed with dysglycemia during pregnancy between January 2015 and July 2017 was conducted. RESULTS: Out of 224 pregnant women evaluated, 70% were overweight/obese. GDM was observed in 78.6% of pregnant women, while 21.4% presented with OD. Approximately 59% of patients could be diagnosed with GDM or OD by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alterations alone. Exclusive diet therapy was used in 50.9% of patients. The need for insulin therapy was higher in OD patients (60.4%) than in GDM patients (38.1%) (p = 0.006). Women who needed insulin (n = 96) had a mean initial dose of 0.33 IU/kg (±0.27) and a final value of 0.39 IU/kg (±0.34). The cesarean rate was 74.3%. The fetal outcomes evaluated were macrosomia (2.15%), large for gestational age (LGA) fetus (15.83%), intensive care unit (ICU) need (4.32%), Apgar score ≤7 (6.47%), hypoglycemia (14.39%) and jaundice (16.55%). CONCLUSION: Patients with GDM and OD presented with several similar clinical features. Approximately half of the patients presented with adequate glycemic control only with diet management. Patients with OD presented a higher need for insulin therapy. Although overweight and obesity were frequent within both groups, they could possibly explain many of our findings.
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In a Brazilian retrospective cohort, approximately 70% of patients were overweight or obese, 78.6% had gestational diabetes mellitus and 21.4% had diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.
“Approximately 70% of the patients were overweight or obese, 78.6% of them had GDM and 21.4% had diabetes mellitus in pregnancy [81].”
From Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century (2022) · cites this paper as [81]
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Cites
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Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century
Dłuski, D. F., Ruszała, M., Rudziński, G., Pożarowska, K., Brzuszkiewicz, K., & Leszczyńska-Gorzelak, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192315804 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sampaio, Y., Porto, L. B., Lauand, T. C. G., Marcon, L. P., & Pedrosa, H. C.
- Affiliations
- Governo do Distrito Federal (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Porto, Lara Benigno
- ORCID
- Venue
- Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Published
- 2020-11-09
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 79-84
- ISSN
- 2359-3997 (ISSN-L)
- 2359-4292
- PMC
- PMC10528695
- OpenAlex
- W3103513584
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, overt diabetes in pregnancy, insulin therapy, dietary management, glycemic control, maternal obesity, perinatal outcomes, macrosomia, large for gestational age, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal jaundice, cesarean section
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Brazil, Delivery of Health Care, Female, Fetal Macrosomia, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Referral and Consultation, Retrospective Studies, Diabetes, Gestational
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