SWITCHGRASS POTENTIAL ON RECLAIMED SURFACE MINES FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN WEST VIRGINIA
Abstract
The high cost and environmental risks associated with non-renewable energy sources has caused an increased interest in, and development of renewable biofuels. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warm season perennial grass, has been investigated as a source of biofuel feedstock due to its high biomass production on marginal soils, its tolerance of harsh growing conditions, and its ability to provide habitat for wildlife and soil conservation cover. West Virginia contains vast expanses of reclaimed surface mine lands and could potentially benefit from the production of switchgrass as a biofuel feedstock. Furthermore, switchgrass production could satisfy Surface Mining Reclamation and Control Act of 1977 (SMCRA) requirements for reclamation bond release to mine operators. Three separate studies will be discussed in this thesis to determine if switchgrass grown on reclaimed surface mines can produce yields similar to yields from stands grown under normal agronomic conditions and what common surface mining reclamation practices may be most appropriate for growing switchgrass. The first study examined yield production of three commercially-available, upland switchgrass varieties grown on two reclaimed surface mines in production years two, three and four. The Hampshire Hill mine site, which was reclaimed in the late 1990s using top soil and treated municipal sludge, averaged 5,800 kg (ha-yr)-1 of switchgrass compared to 803 kg (ha-yr)-1 at the Hobet 21 site which was reclaimed wi…
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Marra and Skousen (2012) found that switchgrass on reclaimed land with topsoil produced yields of nearly 7,000 kg/ha, but yields were three times lower (2,000 kg/ha) on reclaimed lands with no topsoil.
“They found that switchgrass on reclaimed land with topsoil produced yields of nearly 7,000 kg ha -1 , but yields were three times lower (2,000 kg ha -1 ) on reclaimed lands with no topsoil.”
From RECLAMATION OF MINED LAND WITH SWITCHGRASS, MISCANTHUS, AND ARUNDO FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION (2013) · cites this paper as Marra and Skousen, 2012
Switchgrass stands do not develop fully until after the third growing season.
“Switchgrass stands do not develop fully until after the third growing season (Marra and Skousen, 2012).”
From RECLAMATION OF MINED LAND WITH SWITCHGRASS, MISCANTHUS, AND ARUNDO FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION (2013) · cites this paper as Marra and Skousen, 2012
No abnormal weather conditions occurred during 2011 that should have hindered growth.
“No abnormal weather conditions occurred during 2011 that should have hindered growth (Marra, 2012).”
From Switchgrass Yield on Reclaimed Surface Mines for Bioenergy Production (2013) · cites this paper as Marra, 2012
Cites
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Switchgrass Yield on Reclaimed Surface Mines for Bioenergy Production
Marra, M., Keene, T., Skousen, J., & Griggs, T. (2013) · Journal of Environmental Quality · doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0453 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationRECLAMATION OF MINED LAND WITH SWITCHGRASS, MISCANTHUS, AND ARUNDO FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
West Virginia University, M. W. 2., Skousen, J., Keene, T., Marra, M., & Gutta, B. (2013) · Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation · doi:10.21000/jasmr13010177 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Marra, M., & Skousen, J.
- ORCID
- Skousen, Jeff
- Venue
- Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation
- Published
- 2012-06-30
- Volume
- 2012
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 325-346
- ISSN
- 2328-8744 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2103267250
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation (publishedVersion)
- ProQuest Demo Repository (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Keywords
- switchgrass, biofuel feedstock, biomass yield, mine reclamation, Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, nitrogen fertilization, mulch, seedling establishment, marginal soils, West Virginia, Shawnee
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