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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in human milk: effects on growth, morbidity, and duration of lactation.
Open accessAbstract
We followed 858 children from birth to one year of age to determine whether the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in breast milk affected their growth or health. Neither chemical showed an adverse effect on weight or frequency of physician visits for various illnesses, although differences were seen between breast-fed and bottle-fed children, with bottle-fed children being heavier and having more frequent gastroenteritis and otitis media. Children of mothers with higher levels of DDE were breast-fed for markedly shorter times, but adjustments for possible confounders and biases did not change the findings. In absence of any apparent effect on the health of the children, we speculate that DDE may be interfering with the mother's ability to lactate, possibly because of its estrogenic properties.
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Cited by
EDC-2: the endocrine society's second scientific statement on endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Gore, A. C., Chappell, V. A., Fenton, S. E., Flaws, J. A., Nadal, A., Prins, G. S., Toppari, J., & Zoeller, R. T. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1010 · Cited by 2,407
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT): ubiquity, persistence, and risks
Turusov, V., Rakitsky, V., & Tomatis, L. (2002) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.02110125 · Cited by 697
Female reproductive disorders: the roles of endocrine-disrupting compounds and developmental timing
Crain, D. A., Janssen, S. J., Edwards, T. M., Heindel, J., Ho, S.-M., Hunt, P., Iguchi, T., Juul, A., McLachlan, J. A., Schwartz, J., et al. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.067 · Cited by 465
Gladen, B. C., Rogan, W. J., Hardy, P., Thullen, J., Tingelstad, J., & Tully, M. (1988) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(88)80569-9 · Cited by 344
Self-citationThe Pine River statement: human health consequences of DDT use
Eskenazi, B., Chevrier, J., Rosas, L. G., Anderson, H. A., Bornman, M. S., Bouwman, H., Chen, A., Cohn, B. A., de Jager, C., Henshel, D. S., et al. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.11748 · Cited by 333
Metadata
- Authors
- Rogan, W. J., Gladen, B. C., McKinney, J. D., Carreras, N., Hardy, P., Thullen, J., Tingelstad, J., & Tully, M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 1987-10
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1294-1297
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- OpenAlex
- W1969097564
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in human milk: effects on growth, morbidity, and duration of lactation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2105/ajph.77.10.1294
- The paper
- Rogan, W. J., Gladen, B. C., McKinney, J. D., Carreras, N., Hardy, P., Thullen, J., Tingelstad, J., & Tully, M. (1987). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in human milk: effects on growth, morbidity, and duration of lactation. American Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.77.10.1294
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