Cited by 234Medical Coding and Health InformationRace, Genetics, and SocietyElectronic Health Records Systems

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Agreement Between Administrative Data and Patients’ Self-Reports of Race/Ethnicity

Open access

Kressin, Nancy R., Chang, Bei-Hung, Hendricks, Ann, Kazis, Lewis E.·2003·American Journal of Public Health

DOI 10.2105/ajph.93.10.1734PMC PMC1448042

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objectives. We examined agreement of administrative data with self-reported race/ethnicity and identified correlates of agreement. Methods. We used Veterans Affairs administrative data and VA 1999 Large Health survey race/ethnicity data. Results. Relatively low rates of agreement (approximately 60%) between data sources were largely the result of administrative data from patients whose race/ethnicity was unknown, with least agreement for Native American, Asian, and Pacific Islander patients. After exclusion of patients with missing race/ethnicity, agreement improved except for Native Americans. Agreement did not increase substantially after inclusion of data from individuals indicating multiple race/ethnicities. Patients for whom there was better agreement between data sources tended to be less educated, non–solitary living, younger, and White; to have sufficient food; and to use more inpatient Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) care. Conclusions. Better reporting of race/ethnicity data will improve agreement between data sources. Previous studies using VA administrative data may have underestimated racial disparities.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2105/ajph.93.10.1734

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 13

10.2105/AJPH.84.6.1018 · DOI
Baumeister L, Marchi K, Pearl M, Williams R, Braveman P. The validity of information of “race” and “Hispanic ethnicity” in California birth certificate data. Health Serv Res. 2000;35:869–883.
10.1001/jama.1992.03480020069033 · DOI
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01599.x · DOI
10.2105/AJPH.92.9.1471 · DOI
10.1056/NEJM199308263290907 · DOI
10.1001/jama.1994.03510390045028 · DOI
10.1016/0735-1097(94)90112-0 · DOI
10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00034-X · DOI
10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70227-9 · DOI
10.1097/00005650-199809000-00005 · DOI
10.1097/00005650-199501001-00005 · DOI
10.1097/00005650-198512000-00005 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 209

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Readmissions After Delivery
Sundermann, A., & Rebeiro, P. (2016) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000001360 · Cited by 27
Associations between Race/Ethnicity, Uterine Fibroids, and Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy in the VA Healthcare System.
Callegari, L., Katon, J., Gray, K. E., Doll, K., Pauk, S., Lynch, K. E., Uchendu, U. S., Zephyrin, L. C., & Gardella, C. (2019) · Women's health issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2018.08.005 · Cited by 27
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Following the Introduction of 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in Children in New York City From 2007 to 2012.
Farnham, A., Zimmerman, C. M., Papadouka, V., Konty, K., Zucker, J., Nattanmai, G., Jose, S., & Rosen, J. (2015) · JAMA pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0612 · Cited by 26
Collecting Patient Race/Ethnicity and Primary Language Data in Ambulatory Care Settings: A Case Study in Methodology
Palaniappan, L., Wong, E. C., Shin, J. J., Moreno, M. R., & Otero-Sabogal, R. (2009) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2009.00992.x · Cited by 26
“While there is some information on r/e/l data collection in hospitals (Blustein 1994; Kressin et al. 2003; Hasnain-Wynia, Pierce, and Pittman 2004) and in community populations (McHorney, Kosinski, and Ware 1994; Sullivan, Karlsson, and Ware 1995; Ngo-Metzger et al.”
Background
Addressing racial and ethnic disparities in health care: using federal data to support local programs to eliminate disparities.
Sequist, T., & Schneider, E. (2006) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00549.x · Cited by 26
“Even after excluding the 36 percent of patients with missing race information in the VHA, the accuracy of classification of nonblack minority populations is not optimal (Kressin et al. 2003).”
Background
Disparity in outcomes for adult Native American hemodialysis patients? Findings from the ESRD Clinical Performance Measures Project, 1996 to 1999.
Frankenfield, D., Roman, S., Rocco, M., Bedinger, M. R., & Mcclellan, W. (2004) · Kidney International · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00515.x · Cited by 26
Prevalence, predictors, and service utilization of patients with recurrent use of Veterans Affairs substance use disorder specialty care.
Hawkins, E., Malte, C., Baer, J., & Kivlahan, D. (2012) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2011.11.002 · Cited by 25
Rural Residence and Adoption of a Novel HIV Therapy in a National, Equal-Access Healthcare System
Ohl, M. E., Lund, B., Belperio, P., Goetz, M., Rimland, D., Richardson, K., Justice, A., Perencevich, E., & Vaughan-Sarrazin, M. (2013) · Aids and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-011-0107-8 · Cited by 24
“Classification of race/ethnicity in VA administrative data is accurate for blacks and whites compared to self-report, but less accurate for other groups including Latinos, Native-Americans, and Asian-Americans [23].”
Background
Erosion in the Healthcare Safety Net: Impacts on Different Population Groups
Mobley, L., Kuo, T.-M., & Bazzoli, G. (2011) · The Open Health Services and Policy Journal · doi:10.2174/1874924001104010001 · Cited by 24
“Studies have found that selfreported racial and ethnic data are likely to be more accurate [49, 50].”
Differences in mortality among Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-American dialysis patients in the United States.
Frankenfield, D., Krishnan, S. M., Ashby, V., Shearon, T., Rocco, M., & Saran, R. (2009) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.10.049 · Cited by 24
Identifying Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Interhospital Transfer: an Observational Study
Shannon, E., Schnipper, J., & Mueller, S. K. (2020) · Journal of general internal medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06046-z · Cited by 23
Race/ethnicity identification: vital for disparities research, quality improvement, and much more than "meets the eye".
Kressin, N. (2015) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000000409 · Cited by 23
“This study’s results indirectly illustrate the inaccuracies in race/ethnicity data derived from a process whereby an observer (eg, hospital admitting clerk) classifies another person’s racial/ethnic identity, and echo prior findings documenting the discrepancies between observer race/ ethnicity identification and thos…”
ResultSelf-citation
Accuracy of data entry of patient race/ethnicity/ancestry and preferred spoken language in an ambulatory care setting.
Azar, K. M. J., Moreno, M. R., Wong, E. C., Shin, J. J., Soto, C., & Palaniappan, L. (2012) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01305.x · Cited by 23
“Existing literature on accuracy of race/ethnicity and language data mainly compares administrative data with self-report (Boehmer et al. 2002; Kressin et al. 2003) or externally completed survey data (Arday et al.”
Background
A record linkage protocol for a diabetes registry at ethnically diverse community health centers.
Maizlish, N., & Herrera, L. (2005) · JAMIA Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1197/jamia.m1696 · Cited by 22
“Race/ethnicity in administrative data often has poor agreement with self-reports.(13,14) One recent study of patients at a community health center had a proportion of agreement of approximately 56%.”
Mortality after cardiac or vascular operations by preexisting serious mental illness status in the Veterans Health Administration.
Copeland, L., Sako, E., Zeber, J., Pugh, M., Wang, C.-P., MacCarthy, A., Restrepo, M., Mortensen, E., & Lawrence, V. (2014) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2014.04.003 · Cited by 21
“VA administrative data have been found to be reliable sources of patient care and conditions, particularly conditions for which medications are prescribed [33–35].”
Background
Inter-Observer Agreement on Subjects' Race and Race-Informative Characteristics
Edgar, H. J. H., Daneshvari, S., Harris, E. F., & Kroth, P. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023986 · Cited by 16
“Observers are affected by their own racial and ethnic backgrounds, upbringing, and biases, as is evidenced by the imperfect agreement among multiple classifiers as well as individual’s selfidentification [11].”
Background
The Veterans Health administration's promotion of health equity for racial and ethnic minorities.
Fine, M., & Demakis, J. (2003) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.93.10.1622 · Cited by 21
Improving hospital reporting of patient race and ethnicity—approaches to data auditing
Zingmond, D. S., Parikh, P., Louie, R., Lichtensztajn, D. Y., Ponce, N., Hasnain‐Wynia, R., & Gomez, S. L. (2015) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12324 · Cited by 20
“Questions remain as to the consistency in collection of these data within and across hospitals (Stewart et al. 1999; Kressin et al. 2003; Gomez and Glaser 2005; Gomez et al. 2005).”
Background
Association Between Alcohol Screening Scores and Mortality in Black, Hispanic, and White Male Veterans
Williams, E. C., Bradley, K. A., Gupta, S., & Harris, A. H. S. (2012) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01842.x · Cited by 21
“Because administrative data on race and ethnicity are limited in the VA (Kressin et al., 2003), the extent to which there is response bias to the VA’s patient satisfaction survey based on race/ethnicity is unknown and could not be evaluated in this study of completed surveys.”
Background
Addressing racial and ethnic health disparities.
Campanelli, R. M. (2003) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.93.10.1624 · Cited by 20
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Readmissions After Delivery
Aseltine, R. H., Yan, J., Fleischman, S. J., Katz, M. H. G., & DeFrancesco, M. S. (2015) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000001090 · Cited by 46
The Concentration of Hospital Care for Black Veterans in Veterans Affairs Hospitals: Implications for Clinical Outcomes
Jha, A., Stone, R., Lave, J., Chen, H.-Y., Klusaritz, H., & Volpp, K. (2010) · Journal for Healthcare Quality · doi:10.1111/j.1945-1474.2010.00085.x · Cited by 19
Rural-Urban Disparities in Video Telehealth Use During Rapid Mental Health Care Virtualization Among American Indian/Alaska Native Veterans.
Kusters, I. S., Amspoker, A., Frosio, K. E., Day, S. C., Day, G., Ecker, A. H., Hogan, J. B., Lindsay, J. A., & Shore, J. (2023) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.2285 · Cited by 18
Hepatitis B Birth Dose: First Shot at Timely Early Childhood Vaccination
Oster, N. V., Williams, E. C., Unger, J. M., Newcomb, P. A., Jacobson, E. N., deHart, M. P., Englund, J. A., & Hofstetter, A. M. (2019) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.05.005 · Cited by 19
Establishing the Denominator: The Challenges of Measuring Multiracial, Hispanic, and Native American Populations
Roth, W. D. (2018) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716218756818 · Cited by 20
Emergency Department Utilization among Assault Injured Youth: Implication for Youth Violence Screening
Benedict, F. T., Amanullah, S., Linakis, J., & Ranney, M. (2017) · Pediatric emergency care · doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000000609 · Cited by 18
Follow-up care for alcohol misuse among OEF/OIF veterans with and without alcohol use disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder
Grossbard, J. R., Hawkins, E. J., Lapham, G. T., Williams, E. C., Rubinsky, A. D., Simpson, T. L., Seal, K. H., Kivlahan, D. R., & Bradley, K. A. (2013) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2013.04.007 · Cited by 20
Race, Ethnicity, and the Scarr-Rowe Hypothesis: A Cautionary Example of Fringe Science Entering the Mainstream
Giangrande, E. J., & Turkheimer, E. N. (2021) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916211017498 · Cited by 21
Preventative care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Veterans Health Administration
Pandey, N., Herrera, H. H., Johnson, C. M., MacCarthy, A. A., & Copeland, L. A. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000004012 · Cited by 17
“[16] [17] [18] [19] Included patients were veterans diagnosed with IBD per ICD-9 diagnosis codes (555.0, 555.1, 555.2, 555.9, 556.0, 556.2, 556.3, 556.5, 556.6, 556.9) during fiscal year 2005 to 2014 (FY05–FY14; October 2005–September 2014) with prior-year use including comorbid diagnosis data.”
Influential
Prevalence of birth defects among American-Indian births in California, 1983-2010.
Aggarwal, D., Warmerdam, B., Wyatt, K., Ahmad, S., & Shaw, G. (2015) · Birth defects research. Clinical and molecular teratology · doi:10.1002/bdra.23341 · Cited by 17
Maternal quality and safety outcomes for Asians and Pacific Islanders in Hawai‘i: an observational study from five years of statewide data
Sentell, T. L., Chang, A. L., Cheng, Y., & Miyamura, J. (2014) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-298 · Cited by 17
Race/Ethnicity and Insurance-Specific Disparities in In-Hospital Mortality Among Adults with Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Analysis of 2007–2014 National Inpatient Sample
Galoosian, A., Hanlon, C. L., Tana, M., Cheung, R., & Wong, R. (2019) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-019-05809-x · Cited by 16
Standardized Data Collection Practices and the Racial/Ethnic Distribution of Hospitalized Patients
Chakkalakal, R. J., Green, J., Krumholz, H., & Nallamothu, B. (2015) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000000392 · Cited by 16
Comparative Safety of Benzodiazepines and Opioids Among Veterans Affairs Patients With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Hawkins, E. J., Malte, C. A., Grossbard, J. R., Saxon, A. J., Imel, Z. E., & Kivlahan, D. R. (2013) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0b013e31829e3957 · Cited by 23
“Race was not used because of a large amount of missing data and historically low agreement between VA administrative and self-reported sources of race (Kressin et al., 2003).”
Estimating Genetic Ancestry Proportions from Faces
Klimentidis, Y. C., & Shriver, M. D. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004460 · Cited by 14
The Public Endorses Collection of Ethnicity Information in Hospital: Implications for Routine Data Capture in Canadian Health Systems
Quan, H., Wong, A., Johnson, D., & Ghali, W. A. (2006) · Healthcare policy · doi:10.12927/hcpol.2006.18115 · Cited by 16
“…the agreement between self-report and administrative data is high for Asian, Black or African American and White race/ethnicity, and relatively low for American Indian and Hispanic race/ethnicity (Moscou et al. 2003; Gomez et al. 2005; Kressin et al. 2003; Boehmer et al. 2002; Swallen et al. 1997).”
Background
Hospital Practices in the Collection of Patient Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data: A Statewide Survey, California, 2011
Gomez, S., Lichtensztajn, D., Parikh, P., Hasnain-Wynia, R., Ponce, N., & Zingmond, D. (2014) · Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2014.0126 · Cited by 15
Navigating veterans with an abnormal prostate cancer screening test: a quasi-experimental study
Simon, M., Nonzee, N., McKoy, J., Liu, D.-C., Luu, T., Byer, P., Eklund, E., Richey, E. A., Wu, Z., Dong, X.-Q., et al. (2013) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-314 · Cited by 15
Race is a predictor of in-hospital mortality after cholecystectomy, especially in those with portal hypertension.
Nguyen, G., Laveist, T., Segev, D., & Thuluvath, P. (2008) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2008.05.024 · Cited by 15
Hispanic Hospice Utilization: Integrative Review and Meta-analysis
Rising, M. L., Hassouneh, D., Lutz, K., Berry, P., & Lee, C. S. (2019) · Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2019.0042 · Cited by 14
Probability and predictors of patients converting from negative to positive screens for alcohol misuse.
Lapham, G. T., Rubinsky, A. D., Heagerty, P., Achtmeyer, C., Williams, E., Hawkins, E., Maynard, C., Kivlahan, D., Au, D., & Bradley, K. (2014) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12260 · Cited by 14
Performance of the US Office of Management and Budget's revised race and ethnicity categories in Asian populations
Holup, J. L., Press, N. A., Vollmer, W. M., Harris, E. L., VOGT, T. M., & Chen, C. (2007) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2007.02.001 · Cited by 12
Variation by race in factors contributing to heart failure hospitalizations.
Singh, H., Gordon, H., & Deswal, A. (2003) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.04.002 · Cited by 14
Incident Strokes Among American Indian Individuals With Atrial Fibrillation
Sánchez, J. M., Jolly, S. E., Dewland, T. A., Tseng, Z. H., Nah, G., Vittinghoff, E., & Marcus, G. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association : Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.019581 · Cited by 13
Retaining Race in Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Williams, P. T. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.45054 · Cited by 16
Got daddy issues? Fathers impact on perinatal outcomes
Brumberg, H. L., & Shah, S. I. (2020) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151238 · Cited by 15
When race and Hispanic origin reporting are discrepant across administrative records and third party sources: Exploring methods to assign responses
Ennis, S. R., Porter, S. R., Noon, J., & Zapata, E. (2017) · Statistical Journal of the IAOS · doi:10.3233/sji-170374 · Cited by 7
“Those living alone have more consistent responses than those living with others [21].”
Influential
Who am I? Who do you think I am? Stability of racial/ethnic self-identification among youth in foster care and concordance with agency categorization
Schmidt, J., Dubey, S., Dalton, L. R., Nelson, M., Lee, J., Kennedy, M. O., Kim-Gervey, C., Powers, L., & Geenen, S. J. (2015) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.06.011 · Cited by 18
“In lieu of this information, it is likely, as Lu et al. (2004, pg. 449) point out, “this method of classification is considered to best reflect the child's race/ ethnicity from the perception of the child welfare system although it may not necessarily reflect the child's own racial/ethnic identity nor that of his fami…”
Cardiac Procedures among American Indians and Alaska Natives compared to Non-Hispanic Whites Hospitalized with Ischemic Heart Disease in California
Jolly, S. E., Chi, K., Bindman, A., & Korenbrot, C. (2010) · Journal of general internal medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-009-1235-y · Cited by 12
“The reliability of racial coding in administrative databases is a concern especially for races other than white, and AIAN are often misclassified.(1,18,19) However, we were able to overcome some of those challenges in our study by linking a file of AIAN active users of Indian Health Service funded care through Tribal…”
Evaluating race and Hispanic origin responses of Medicaid participants using census data
Fernandez, L. E., Rastogi, S., Ennis, S. R., & Noon, J. (2018) · Statistical Journal of the IAOS · doi:10.3233/sji-180449 · Cited by 10
“In addition, White, younger, married, employed and more educated individuals are reported to have higher non-response rates than their counter-parts [4,9].”
Moving to patient reported collection of race and ethnicity data: implementation and impact in ten hospitals.
Berry, C., Kaplan, S. A., Mijanovich, T., & Mayer, A. (2014) · International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance · doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-05-2012-0043 · Cited by 10
Annual Rescreening for Alcohol Misuse
Lapham, G. T., Rubinsky, A. D., Heagerty, P. J., Williams, E. C., Hawkins, E. J., Maynard, C. C., Kivlahan, D. R., & Bradley, K. A. (2013) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3182a3e549 · Cited by 9
The impact of epilepsy on older veterans.
Pugh, M., Berlowitz, D., & Kazis, L. (2007) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(06)81014-7 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Differences in Presentation and Management of Pediatric Facial Lacerations by Type of Health Insurance
Amanullah, S., Linakis, J., Vivier, P., Clarke-Pearson, E. M., & Steele, D. W. (2015) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.2015.4.25009 · Cited by 9
Agreement between ethnicity recorded in two New Zealand health databases: effects of discordance on cardiovascular outcome measures (PREDICT CVD3)
Marshall, R., Zhang, Z., Broad, J., & Wells, S. (2007) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00050.x · Cited by 9
Why ethnic designation matters for stroke rehabilitation: Comparing VA administrative data and clinical records
Stansbury, J. P., Reid, K. J., Reker, D. M., Duncan, P. W., Marshall, C. R., & Rittman, M. (2004) · The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development · doi:10.1682/jrrd.2004.04.0046 · Cited by 8
“The most recent work comparing VA administrative data with self-reported designation verifies low rates of agreement for the least-represented ethnic groups, and that more frequent use of the system is predictive of agreement [34].”
Background
American Indian identity in mental health services utilization data from a rural midwestern sample.
Hack, S. M., Larrison, C. R., & Gone, J. P. (2014) · Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033349 · Cited by 9
Standardization and accuracy of race and ethnicity data: Equity implications for medical AI
Tsalidis, A., Bharadwaj, L., & Shen, F. X. (2025) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000807 · Cited by 7
“One analysis comparing administrative r/e data to patients’ self-reported data identified low agreement rates for certain races including Pacific Islanders, Asians, and Native Americans [30].”
Exploring ethnicity dynamics in Wales: a longitudinal population-scale linked data study and development of a harmonised ethnicity spine
Akbari, A., Torabi, F., Bedston, S., Lowthian, E., Abbasizanjani, H., Fry, R. J., Lyons, J., Owen, R. K., Khunti, K., & Lyons, R. A. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077675 · Cited by 10
Challenges with misclassification of American Indian/Alaska Native race and Hispanic ethnicity on death records in North Carolina occupational fatalities surveillance
McClure, E. S., Gartner, D. R., Bell, R., Cruz, T., Nocera, M., Marshall, S., & Richardson, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Epidemiology · doi:10.3389/fepid.2022.878309 · Cited by 8
“When self-report is unavailable, race and ethnicity data should be obtained from next of kin (13, 18, 25, 47).”
Background
Guidelines on the use of race as patient identifiers in clinical presentations
Olufadeji, A., Dubosh, N. M., & Landry, A. (2021) · Journal of the National Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2021.02.005 · Cited by 9
Posttraumatic stress disorder and odds of major invasive procedures among U.S. Veterans Affairs patients
Greenawalt, D. S., Copeland, L. A., MacCarthy, A. A., Sun, F., & Zeber, J. E. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.08.012 · Cited by 6
“Studies examining diagnoses, types of care received, and demographic variables have demonstrated the validity of VA administrative databases, although race/ ethnicity data are frequently missing [29,30].”
Background
Can Claims‐Based Data Be Used to Recruit Black and H ispanic Subjects into Clinical Trials?
Palacio, A. M., Tamariz, L. J., Uribe, C., Li, H., Salkeld, E. J., Hazel-Fernandez, L. A., & Carrasquillo, O. (2011) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01316.x · Cited by 8
Racial and Ethnic Minority Concentration in Veterans Affairs Facilities and Delivery of Patient-Centered Primary Care
Hausmann, L. R. M., Canamucio, A., Gao, S., Jones, A. L., Keddem, S., Long, J. A., & Werner, R. M. (2016) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2016.0053 · Cited by 6
“37,38 By relying on administrative data, the study also was limited in the facility characteristics that could be included in the analyses.”
Improving assessment of race, ethnicity, and culture to further veteran PTSD research.
Onoye, J., Spoont, M. R., Whealin, J. M., Pole, N., Mackintosh, M., Spira, J. L., & Morland, L. A. (2016) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000181 · Cited by 8
Disparities of Cancer Incidence in Michigan’s American Indians: Spotlight on Breast Cancer
Roen, E. L., Copeland, G., Pinagtore, N. L., Meza, R., & Soliman, A. S. (2014) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.28589 · Cited by 7
Ethnic disparity in outcomes for pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients in the ESRD Clinical Performance Measures Project
Atkinson, M., Neu, A., Fivush, B., & Frankenfield, D. (2007) · Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West) · doi:10.1007/s00467-007-0593-0 · Cited by 7
“Misclassification bias for different minority groups in health outcome studies has been reported [43–46].”
Background
Outcomes for adolescent Hispanic hemodialysis patients: findings from the ESRD Clinical Performance Measures Project.
Frankenfield, D., Atkinson, M., Fivush, B., & Neu, A. (2006) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.01.021 · Cited by 7
Anogenital HPV-Related Cancers in Women: Investigating Trends and Sociodemographic Risk Factors
Lupi, M., Tsokani, S., Howell, A.-M., Ahmed, M., Brogden, D., Tekkis, P., Kontovounisios, C., & Mills, S. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16122177 · Cited by 6
“…looking at the concordance between administrative data on race and ethnicity and patient self-reported race and ethnicity show poorer concordance for ethnic groups other than ‘white’, with ethnic minority groups showing agreement with categories such as ‘other’ on administrative data [59–61].”
Background
National community disparities in prehospital penetrating trauma adjusted for income, 2020-2021.
Huebinger, R., Ketterer, A. R., Hill, M. J., Mann, N., Wang, R. C., Montoy, J. C., Osborn, L., & Ugalde, I. T. (2023) · American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2023.12.015 · Cited by 6
Differences in COVID-19 Hospitalizations by Self-Reported Race and Ethnicity in a Hospital in Honolulu, Hawaii
Seto, B. K., Nishizaki, L. K., Akaka, G., Kimura, J. A., & Seto, T. B. (2022) · Preventing Chronic Disease · doi:10.5888/pcd19.220114 · Cited by 5
The Association of Race, Ethnicity, and Insurance Status With Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Luther, J. P., Fritz, C. D. L., Fanous, E., Waken, R., Hammond, J., & Maddox, K. J. J. (2022) · Gastro Hep Advances · doi:10.1016/j.gastha.2022.07.016 · Cited by 6
“37,38 Despite these limitations, these ﬁ ndings provide important information on outcomes in adults hospitalized with UC.”
Background
Towards Fairness in Classifying Medical Conversations into SOAP SectionsPreprint
Ferracane, E., & Konam, S. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2012.07749 · Cited by 3
“We recognize this protected attribute conflates two notions which are both ill-defined and subject to reporting bias (Kressin et al. 2003).”
Background
Retinopathy develops at similar glucose levels but higher HbA1c levels in people with black African ancestry compared to white European ancestry: evidence for the need to individualize HbA1c interpretation
Staimez, L. R., Rhee, M. K., Deng, Y., Safo, S. E., Butler, S. M., Legvold, B. T., Jackson, S. L., Ford, C. N., Wilson, P. W. F., Long, Q., et al. (2020) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14289 · Cited by 6
Assessing an electronic self-report method for improving quality of ethnicity and race data in the Veterans Health Administration
Almklov, E., Cohen, A. J., Russell, L. E., Mor, M. K., Fine, M. J., Hausmann, L. R. M., Moy, E. M., Washington, D. L., Jones, K. T., Long, J. A., et al. (2023) · JAMIA Open · doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad020 · Cited by 5
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with never-smoking status in patients with lung cancer: findings from a large integrated health system
Banks, K., Sumner, E. T., Alabaster, A., Hsu, D., Quesenberry, C. P. J., Sakoda, L., & Velotta, J. (2021) · Translational Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tcr-22-1438 · Cited by 5
“Fourth, while self-reported race/ethnicity data, such as what was used in our study, may help avoid some of the misclassification and misidentification that occurs in many hospital systems, it is not possible to account for the potential subjectivity inherent to self-reporting (33,34).”
Anthropological Perspectives on Tooth Morphology: New approaches to the use of dental morphology in forensic contexts
Edgar, H. J. H., & Ousley, S. (2013) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511984464.020 · Cited by 5
Ethnicity and Race Variations in Receipt of Surgery among Veterans with and without Depression
Copeland, L., Zeber, J., Pugh, M., Phillips, K. L., & Lawrence, V. (2011) · Depression Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2011/370962 · Cited by 5
The Blind Men, the Elephant and the CT Scanner
Evans, R. G. (2006) · Healthcare policy · doi:10.12927/hcpol.2006.18123 · Cited by 6
Self-reported versus Administrative Identification of American Indian and Alaska Native Arrestees: Effects on Relative Estimates of Illicit Drug Use and Alcohol Abuse
Wood (2014) · American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research · doi:10.5820/aian.2102.2014.1 · Cited by 7
Cancer Epidemiology in the Northeastern United States (2013–2017)
Rees, J. R., Weiss, J. E., Gunn, C., Carlos, H. A., Dragnev, N. C., Supattapone, E. Y., Tosteson, A., Kraft, S. A., Vahdat, L., & Peacock, J. (2023) · Cancer Research Communications · doi:10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0152 · Cited by 4
Racial Misclassification and Disparities in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome among American Indians and Alaska Natives
Lan, C.-W., Joshi, S., Dankovchik, J., Jimenez, C., Waddell, E., Lutz, T., & Lapidus, J. (2021) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-021-01127-z · Cited by 4
Contextualized race and ethnicity annotations for clinical text from MIMIC-III
Walk, O. J. B. D., Pichon, A., Nieva, H. R., Sun, T., Li, J., Joseph, J. W., Kinberg, S., Richter, L. R., Crusco, S., Kulas, K., et al. (2024) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-024-04183-2 · Cited by 6
Concomitant Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy at Hysterectomy: Differences by Race and Menopausal Status in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 2007–2014
Bossick, A., Katon, J., Gray, K. E., Ma, E. W., & Callegari, L. (2020) · Journal of Women's Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2020.8503 · Cited by 3
Statistical Accuracy of Administratively Recorded Race/Ethnicity in the Military Health System and Race/Ethnicity Ascertained via Questionnaire
McAdam, J., Richard, S. A., Olsen, C. H., Byrne, C., Clausen, S. S., Michel, A., Agan, B. K., O’Connell, R. J., Burgess, T. H., Tribble, D. R., et al. (2025) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-025-02351-7 · Cited by 4
“These findings are similar to studies in other populations [29, 33, 36, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 50, 63].”
Racialized Police Use of Force and Maternal Health
Muchomba, F. M., Teitler, J. O., Fox, C., & Reichman, N. E. (2024) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2024.11.017 · Cited by 2
United States–Based Colorectal Cancer Surgical Trials Lack Representation and Adequate Reporting of Racially and Ethnically Diverse Participants: Systematic Review and Regression Analysis
Ore, A. S., Areán-Sanz, R., Liu, B. S., Arndt, K. R., Hernandez, A., Ponce, C., Bain, P. A., & Messaris, E. (2024) · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum · doi:10.1097/dcr.0000000000003217 · Cited by 2
Hospitalization Rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction among Asian-American Subgroups: Have We Been Underestimating the Problem?
Chakkalakal, R. J., Fox, J. P., Green, J., Nunez-Smith, M., Nallamothu, B., & Hasnain-Wynia, R. (2018) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-016-0517-9 · Cited by 2
“Asian Americans are prone to misclassification and undercounting in hospital records because of systemic problems with current race/ethnicity data collection strategies [8, 9, 17] including reliance on observer-reported rather than self-reported race/ethnicity data [18] and the common practice of homogenizing diverse…”
Background
Methods and approaches in using secondary data sources to study race and ethnicity factors.
Subramanian, S. (2009) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-416-2_12 · Cited by 2
The Quality of Data on “Race” and “Ethnicity”: Implications for Health Researchers, Policy Makers, and Practitioners
Kaplan, J. B. (2014) · Race and Social Problems · doi:10.1007/s12552-014-9121-6 · Cited by 24
“agreement between assigned and self-reported race/ethnicity can be much lower when subjects with missing data are considered ‘‘misclassified’’ instead of being excluded from analyses (Boehmer et al. 2002; Hamilton et al. 2009; Kressin et al. 2003; Stansbury et al. 2004).”
Background
Racial disparities in child welfare: A propensity score matched analysis of Black and White children in Canada.
Boatswain-Kyte, A., Antwi-Boasiako, K., Baiden, P., Trocmé, N., Fallon, B., Esposito, T., Black, T., Mackenzie, P., & Lwin, K. (2025) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107728 · Cited by 1
Examining Agreement Between Binary Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity Variable With Country of Origin
Salhi, R., Meeker, M. A., Zachrison, K., & Samuels-Kalow, M. (2025) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.08.008 · Cited by 1
Urgent versus elective surgical disparities among American Indian and Alaska Native patients.
Brown, B., Holt, S. K., Dindinger-Hill, K., Wolff, E. M., Javid, S. H., Nyame, Y., & Gore, J. L. (2024) · World Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1002/wjs.12132 · Cited by 1
Comparison of birth outcomes of mothers covered by Medicaid versus those privately insured when accounting for social determinants of health
Damodaran, K., Brumberg, H., Jawale, N., Giblin, C., & Shah, S. I. (2023) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-023-01842-x · Cited by 1
Enhanced Identification of Hispanic Ethnicity Using Clinical Data
Ochoa‐Allemant, P., Tate, J. P., Williams, E. C., Gordon, K. S., Marconi, V. C., Bensley, K. M., Rentsch, C. T., Wang, K., Taddei, T. H., Justice, A. C., et al. (2023) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001824 · Cited by 4
Doctors’ Perceptions of Multiracial Adolescents
Herman, M. R. (2022) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci11040146 · Cited by 1
“2009), and on whether registration clerks at a doctor’s office list the same race for the patient as the patient lists for him/herself (Kressin et al. 2003)—but not on whether the doctor’s assessment of the patient’s race is consistent with the patient’s self-identification.”
Background
Ethnicity and Cultural Issues
Zeber, J. E., Gonzalez, J. M., Dorn, R. A. V., & Interian, A. (2011) · Depression Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2011/195084 · Cited by 2
Measuring cultural and ethnic diversity in research and innovation
Gök, A., Macmillan, G., Bingzhang Chen, A., & Karaulova, M. (2026) · Research Evaluation · doi:10.1093/reseval/rvag015 · Cited by 6
The Role of Top Management Team Cognitive Diversity in a Global Sample of Innovative Firms: A Review
Simmers, C. A. (2021) · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59916-4_26 · Cited by 1
Racial Misclassification Masks True Prevalence of Suicide in South Asian Americans
Jha, A., Ahuja, M., Wani, R. J., Methipara, A. T., & Anderson, J. E. (2021) · Journal of Social Welfare and Human Rights · doi:10.15640/jswhr.v9n2a1 · Cited by 1
“Other‖ or ―Unknown‖ race (Boehmer et al., 2002; Kressin et al., 2003).”

Authors: Kressin, N. R., Chang, B.-H., Hendricks, A., & Kazis, L. E.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
ORCID: Kressin, Nancy R.
Chang, Bei-Hung
Kazis, Lewis E.
Venue: American Journal of Public Health
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Published: 2003-10
Volume: 93
Issue: 10
Pages: 1734-1739
ISSN: 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.93.10.1734
PMC: PMC1448042
OpenAlex: W2145841259
Cited by: 234
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 30.95
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
Social Sciences › Anthropology › Race, Genetics, and Society
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
Keywords: race and ethnicity, self-report, administrative data, data source agreement, veterans, racial disparities, Native Americans, sociodemographic correlates
MeSH terms: Demography, Ethnicity, Health Services Research, Hospitals, Veterans, Humans, Patients, Self Concept, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans, Reproducibility of Results, Databases, Factual, Public Health Informatics

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Agreement Between Administrative Data and Patients’ Self-Reports of Race/Ethnicity

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks