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A Call for Standardization in Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation Protocols and Composition Reporting: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Orthopaedic Literature

Chahla, Jorge, Cinque, Mark E., Piuzzi, Nicolas S., Mannava, Sandeep, Geeslin, Andrew G., Murray, Iain R., Dornan, Grant J., Muschler, George F., LaPrade, Robert F.·2017·Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
DOI 10.2106/jbjs.16.01374
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood-derived preparation whose use has grown exponentially in orthopaedic practice. However, there remains an unclear understanding of the biological properties and effects of PRP on musculoskeletal healing. Heterogeneous processing methods, unstandardized nomenclature, and ambiguous classifications make comparison among studies challenging. A comprehensive assessment of orthopaedic clinical PRP trials is key to unraveling the biological complexity of PRP, while improving standardized communication. Toward this goal, we performed a systematic review of the PRP preparation protocols and PRP composition utilized in clinical trials for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed from 2006 to 2016. Inclusion criteria were human clinical trials, English-language literature, and manuscripts that reported on the use of PRP in musculoskeletal/orthopaedic conditions. Basic-science articles, editorials, surveys, special topics, letters to the editor, personal correspondence, and nonorthopaedic applications (including cosmetic use or dental application studies) were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 105 studies (in 104 articles) met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Of these studies, only 11 (10%) provided comprehensive reporting that included a clear description of the preparation protocol that could be used by subsequent investigators to repeat the method. Only 17 studies (16%) provided quantitative metrics on the composition of the final PRP product. CONCLUSIONS: Reporting of PRP preparation protocols in clinical studies is highly inconsistent, and the majority of studies did not provide sufficient information to allow the protocol to be reproduced. Furthermore, the current reporting of PRP preparation and composition does not enable comparison of the PRP products being delivered to patients. A detailed, precise, and stepwise description of the PRP preparation protocol is required to allow comparison among studies and provide reproducibility.

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  • Conventional therapeutic approaches such as physical rehabilitation, NSAIDs, and surgery are widely used but often provide limited and inconsistent outcomes in pain relief, recovery speed, and recurrence rates.

    “Conventional therapeutic approaches - such as physical rehabilitation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and surgical procedures in severe cases - are widely used but often provide limited and inconsistent outcomes in terms of pain relief, recovery speed, and recurrence rates. [1]”

    From Management of platelet-rich plasma and stem cells versus conventional treatments in musculoskeletal injury repair: A systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [1]

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Metadata

Authors
Chahla, J., Cinque, M. E., Piuzzi, N. S., Mannava, S., Geeslin, A. G., Murray, I. R., Dornan, G. J., Muschler, G. F., & LaPrade, R. F.
Affiliations
  • Steadman Philippon Research Institute (US)
  • Cleveland Clinic (US)
  • Steadman Clinic (US)
  • University of Edinburgh (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2017-10-18
Volume
99
Issue
20
Pages
1769-1779
ISSN
  • 0021-9355 (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-1386
DOI
10.2106/jbjs.16.01374
OpenAlex
W2765530989
Cited by
504
References
2
Citations by year
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FWCI
10.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Tendon Structure and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood transfusion and management
Keywords
platelet-rich plasma, PRP preparation methods, standardization, reproducibility, reporting quality
MeSH terms
Clinical Protocols, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Orthopedic Procedures, Platelet-Rich Plasma

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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