Predictors of Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North West Ethiopia: a Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hyperglycemia for a long period are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Studying the predictors of glycemic control helps to minimize deaths and the development of acute and chronic diabetes complication. Hence, this study aims to assess predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes in Ethiopia.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients enrolled between December 2011 and December 2012 at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital. A total of 191 T2DM patients were included in the study meets the eligibility criteria. A generalized linear mixed model was employed. Results: The prevalence of good glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was 58.4% whereas 23.25% of the variation was explained in the fitted model due to adding the random effects. The significance predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes at 95% confidence level were reside in rural(0.454, 0.614)), patients age 38-50, 51-59 and 60-66 years(1.267,1.776), (1.057,1.476) and (1.004, 1.403), respectively, Proteinuria Positive (1.211, 1.546), diastolic blood pressure ≥90 (1.101, 1.522), systolic blood pressure ≥140 (1.352, 1.895), creatinine (0.415, 0.660), duration per visit (0.913, 0.987), duration since diagnosis (0.985, 0.998), weight 78-88(0.603, 0.881).Conclusion: The level of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was poor. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients having higher age of the patient, higher weight, reside in rural, longer duration of T2DM since diagnosis, longer duration of type 2DM per visit, increase creatinine, positive protein urea, diastolic blood pressure≥90, and systolic blood pressure≥140 were significant predictors of poor glycemic control among type 2 DM patients. During diabetic patients follow up, clinicians should give appropriate attention to these significant variables for good glycemic control since it is the main goal of diabetes management.