Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,916

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Secure Computer System: Unified Exposition and Multics Interpretation

Bell, D. Elliott, La Padula, Leonard J.·1976

Abstract

A unified narrative exposition of the ESD/MITRE computer security model is presented. A suggestive interpretation of the model in the context of Multics and a discussion of several other important topics (such as communications paths, sabotage and integrity) conclude the report. A full, formal presentation of the model is included in the Appendix.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.21236/ada023588

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 1,916

Metadata

Authors
Bell, D. E., & La Padula, L. J.
Published
1976-03-01
OpenAlex
W1991895580
Cited by
1,916
References
0
Type
report
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Secure Computer System: Unified Exposition and Multics Interpretation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.21236/ada023588
The paper
Bell, D. E., & La Padula, L. J. (1976). Secure Computer System: Unified Exposition and Multics Interpretation. https://doi.org/10.21236/ada023588

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.