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Cited by 100Pharmacology and Obesity TreatmentObesity and Health PracticesPharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes

Medications that cause weight gain and alternatives in Canada: a narrative review

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Wharton, Sean, Raiber, Lilian, Serodio, Kristin, Lee, Jasmine, Christensen, Rebecca AG·2018·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
DOI 10.2147/dmso.s171365PMC PMC6109660
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cause of the obesity epidemic is multifactorial, but may, in part, be related to medication-induced weight gain. While clinicians may strive to do their best to select pharmacotherapy(ies) that has the least negative impact on weight, the literature regarding the weight effects of medication is often limited and devoid of alternative therapies. RESULTS: Antipsychotics, antidepressants, antihyperglycemics, antihypertensives and corticosteroids all contain medications that were associated with significant weight gain. However, there are several medication alternatives within the majority of these classes associated with weight neutral or even weight loss effects. Further, while not all of the classes of medication examined in this review have weight-favorable alternatives, there exist many other tools to mitigate weight gain associated with medication use, such as changes in dosing, medication delivery or the use of adjunctive therapies. CONCLUSION: Medication-induced weight gain can be frustrating for both the patient and the clinician. As the use of pharmaceuticals continues to increase, it is pertinent for clinicians to consider the weight effects of medications prior to prescribing or in the course of treatment. In the case where it is not feasible to make changes to medication, adjunctive therapies should be considered.

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  • Medication classes promoting weight gain include antihyperglycemics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antiepileptics, β-blockers, progesterone-based contraceptives, corticosteroids, and antiretroviral therapy.

    “Medication classes promoting weight gain include antihyperglycemics (eg, glyburide, insulin), antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline, mirtazapine), antipsychotics (eg, olanzapine, quetiapine), antiepileptics (eg, gabapentin, carbamazepine), β-blockers, progesterone-based contraceptives, corticosteroids, and antiretroviral therapy (eg, protease inhibitors).12,77”

    From Obesity Management in Adults (2023) · cites this paper as [77]

    The Abstract (Results; page unavailable) identifies several listed classes as containing weight-gaining medications, and the Antihypertensives section specifically discusses weight gain with some β-blockers. The Antipsychotics and mood stabilizers section reports weight gain with valproic acid but describes carbamazepine as weight neutral to weight reducing. No passage found supports the listed progesterone-based contraceptives, antiretroviral therapy, or gabapentin. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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Authors
Wharton, S., Raiber, L., Serodio, K., Lee, J., & Christensen, R. A.
Affiliations
York University (CA)
Corresponding author
Christensen, Rebecca AG
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2018-08
Volume
Volume 11
Pages
427-438
ISSN
1178-7007 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2147/dmso.s171365
PMC
PMC6109660
OpenAlex
W2888695189
Cited by
100
References
208
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5
FWCI
0.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Keywords
medication-induced weight gain, antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, antihypertensive drugs, corticosteroids, obesity, adjunctive therapy, dose adjustment, medication delivery, drug prescribing

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