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Fifty years chlorpromazine: a historical perspective
Open accessAbstract
Chlorpromazine was synthesized in December 1951 in the laboratories of Rhône-Poiulenc, and became available on prescription in France in November 1952. Its effectiveness was reflected in the transformation of disturbed wards; its commercial success stimulated the development of other psychotropic drugs. Recognition of chemical mediation at the site of the synapse, followed by the introduction of the spectrophotofluorimeter first, and receptor assays subsequently, led to the demonstration that chlorpromazine blocks dopamine receptors. Treatment with chlorpromazine focused attention on the heterogeneity of schizophrenia in terms of responsiveness to treatment. By the mid-1980s there was sufficient evidence to believe that resolving this heterogeneity is a prerequisite for developing more effective treatments. Chlorpromazine was instrumental in the development of neuropsychopharmacology, a new discipline dedicated to the study of mental pathology with the employment of centrally acting drugs.
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“Their impact on therapeutic trajectories and social imaginaries of mental illness in Europe and North America can hardly be overstated; the antipsychotic chlorpromazine was often hailed as a 'miracle drug' (Ban 2007), while the prescription of antidepressants took place on such a wide scale that the last decades of the 20 th century have sometimes been referred to as the 'Prozac era' (Shorter 2014”
From Throwing therapy at the problem mental health and humanitarian intervention in Palabek refugee settlement, northern Uganda (2023) · cites this paper as Ban 2007
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Cites
Effectiveness of Antipsychotic Drugs in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia
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Greenway, K. T., Garel, N., Jerome, L., & Feduccia, A. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1772054 · Cited by 94
Zhu, J., Hou, W., Xu, Y., Ji, F., Wang, G., Chen, C., Lin, C., Lin, X., Li, J., Zhuo, C., et al. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112598 · Cited by 56
Torre, C. (2023) · London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) · doi:10.21953/lse.00004557
Metadata
- Authors
- Ban, T. A.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ban, Thomas A
- Venue
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- Volume 3
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 495-500
- ISSN
- 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2021
- PMC
- PMC2655089
- OpenAlex
- W1489278735
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Historical Medical Research and Treatments
- Keywords
- chlorpromazine, history of psychopharmacology, dopamine receptors, schizophrenia, treatment-resistant schizophrenia, neuropsychopharmacology, psychotropic drugs, drug development, receptor assays
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