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Cited by 146Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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The Impact of Event Scale – Revised: psychometric properties of the Italian version in a sample of flood victims

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Craparo, Giuseppe, Faraci, Palmira, Rotondo, Giuseppe, Gori, Alessio·2013·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
DOI 10.2147/ndt.s51793PMC PMC3788700
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study aims to verify the main psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) in a sample of flood victims. METHODS: The sample was composed of 262 subjects involved in the natural disaster of 2009 in the city of Messina (Italy). All participants completed the IES-R and the Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) in order to verify some aspects of convergent validity. RESULTS: THE EXPLORATORY AND CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS, USED TO VERIFY THE CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF THE MEASURE, SHOWED A CLEAR FACTOR STRUCTURE WITH THREE INDEPENDENT DIMENSIONS: intrusion, avoidance, and hyper-arousal. The goodness-of-fit indices (non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.99; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99; standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.04; and root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.02) indicated a good adaptation of the model to the data. The IES-R scales showed satisfactory values of internal consistency (intrusion, α = 0.78; avoidance, α = 0.72; hyper-arousal, α = 0.83) and acceptable values of correlation with the DES-II. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this self-reported and easily administered instrument for assessing the dimensions of trauma has good psychometric properties and can be adopted usefully, both for research and for practice in Italy.

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Figure 1 Impact of Event Scale – Revised empirical model (standardized solution). Abbreviations: A, avoidance; H, hyper-arousal; I, intrusion.
Figure 1 Impact of Event Scale – Revised empirical model (standardized solution). Abbreviations: A, avoidance; H, hyper-arousal; I, intrusion.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Craparo, G., Faraci, P., Rotondo, G., & Gori, A.
Affiliations
  • Università degli Studi di Enna Kore (IT)
  • Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio di Cefalù (IT)
  • University of Florence (IT)
Corresponding author
Craparo, Giuseppe
ORCID
Venue
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2013-09
Volume
9
Pages
1427
ISSN
1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2147/ndt.s51793
PMC
PMC3788700
OpenAlex
W2039905564
Cited by
146
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
FWCI
4.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
Impact of Event Scale-Revised, psychometric properties, Italian adaptation, flood victims, natural disasters, post-traumatic stress, intrusion, avoidance, hyperarousal, dissociation, convergent validity, factor structure

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