Evaluation of extended and continuous use oral contraceptives
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Evaluation of extended and continuous use oral contraceptives Kristen Page Wright, Julia V JohnsonUniversity of Vermont College of Medicine and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Women’s Health Care Services, Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington, VT USAAbstract: Oral contraceptives are classically given in a cyclic manner with 21 days of active pills followed by 7 days of placebo. In the past 4 years, new oral contraceptives have been introduced which either shorten the placebo time, lengthen the active pills (extended cycle), or provide active pills every day (continuous). These concepts are not new; extended and continuous pills were first studied in the 1960s and 1970s and have been provided in an off-label manner by gynecologists to treat menstrual disorders, such as menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea, and gynecologic disorders, such as endometriosis. Now that extended and continuous combined oral contraceptives are available for all patients, it is critical for providers to understand the physiology, dosing, side effects, and benefits of this form of oral contraceptive. This article reviews the history and the potential uses of the new continuous combined oral contraceptive.Keywords: oral contraceptives, administration, dosage, adverse effects, menstrual disturbances
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Oral contraceptives are most effective when taken at approximately the same time every day.
“(3) oral contraceptives are most effective when taken at approximately the same time every day [30].”
From Medication Adherence Reminder System for Virtual Home Assistants: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
The Efficacy section (page unavailable) says oral contraceptives are more effective with perfect use than with typical use and identifies missed pills as a common risk. It does not say that taking a pill at approximately the same time each day, rather than at different times, improves effectiveness. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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References 36 · Cited by 55
Research works printed but not linked: 31
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- Authors
- Johnson, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Julia
- Venue
- Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- Volume 4
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 905-911
- ISSN
- 1176-6336 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-203X
- PMC
- PMC2621397
- OpenAlex
- W1934960365
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 1.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship@UMassChan (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- extended-cycle oral contraceptives, continuous oral contraceptives, combined oral contraceptives, menstrual disorders, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, contraceptive side effects
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