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Coagulation in Drinking Water Treatment: Particles, Organics and Coagulants
Abstract
A review of coagulation in drinking water treatment is presented. The paper emphasizes the importance of raw water chemistry, natural organic matter (NOM) concentration and type, and the chemistry of coagulants. Mineral and organic particles may be stable in water due to electrostatic charge interactions, hydrophilic effects, or to steric interactions from adsorbed macromolecules. NOM rather than particles initially in water supplies can control coagulant dosages and selection. MOM consists of a mixture of various organic compounds including hydrophobic (humic and fulvic acids) and hydrophilic fractions. The negative charge and chemical structure of the hydrophobic acids affect chemical reactions with coagulants, particularly metal based coagulants. The removal of NOM with Al coagulants can involve hydrolysis, complexation, precipitation, and adsorption reactions. Specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) can be used to estimate whether the NOM of a water is high or low in hydrophobic acids and to estimate removals of DOC by coagulation. Preozonation of water supplies containing algae may lead to microflocculation or impair coagulation depending on algae type, concentration and molecular weight of extracellular organic matter (EOM), and ozone dose.
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Cited by
Shutova, Y., Baker, A., Bridgeman, J., & Henderson, R. K. (2014) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.053 · Cited by 438
Seasonal variations in natural organic matter and its impact on coagulation in water treatment
Sharp, E. L., Parsons, S. A., & Jefferson, B. (2006) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.05.032 · Cited by 289
Lavonen, E. E., Kothawala, D. N., Tranvik, L. J., Gonsior, M., Schmitt-Kopplin, P., & Köhler, S. J. (2015) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.024 · Cited by 274
Drinking water treatment response following a Colorado wildfire
Hohner, A. K., Cawley, K., Oropeza, J., Summers, R. S., & Rosario-Ortiz, F. L. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.034 · Cited by 141
Effect of aluminum speciation on arsenic removal during coagulation process
Hu, C., Liu, H., Chen, G., & Qu, J. (2012) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2011.10.017 · Cited by 104
Metadata
- Authors
- Edzwald, J. K.
- Venue
- Water Science and Technology
- Publisher
- IWA Publishing
- Published
- 1993-06-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 21-35
- ISSN
- 0273-1223 (ISSN-L)
- 1996-9732
- OpenAlex
- W2522603493
- Cited by
- 584
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Edzwald, J. K. (1993). Coagulation in Drinking Water Treatment: Particles, Organics and Coagulants. Water Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0261
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
