Performance and uncertainties of TSS stormwater sampling strategies from online time series
Abstract
The event mean concentrations (EMCs) that would have been obtained by four different stormwater sampling strategies are simulated by using total suspended solids (TSS) and flowrate time series (about one minute time-step and one year of data). These EMCs are compared to the reference EMCs calculated by considering the complete time series. The sampling strategies are assessed with datasets from four catchments: (i) Berlin, Germany, combined sewer overflow (CSO); (ii) Graz, Austria, CSO; (iii) Chassieu, France, separate sewer system; and (iv) Ecully, France, CSO. A sampling strategy in which samples are collected at constant time intervals over the rainfall event and sampling volumes are pre-set as proportional to the runoff volume discharged between two consecutive sample leads to the most representative results. Recommended sampling time intervals are of 5 min for Berlin and Chassieu (resp. 100 and 185 ha area) and 10 min for Graz and Ecully (resp. 335 and 245 ha area), with relative sampling errors between 7% and 20% and uncertainties in sampling errors of about 5%. Uncertainties related to sampling volumes, TSS laboratory analyses and beginning/ending of rainstorm events are reported as the most influent sources in the uncertainties of sampling errors and EMCs.
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Following Sandoval et al. for Berlin, the selected sampling strategy would lead to sampling uncertainties below 20%.
“Following the results of Sandoval et al. [35] obtained for stormwater runoff in Berlin, this strategy would lead to sampling uncertainties below 20%, which seems a reasonable tradeoff between sampling uncertainty and the duration of the events covered by the sampling strategy.”
From Micropollutants in Urban Stormwater Runoff of Different Land Uses (2021) · cites this paper as Sandoval et al. [35]
Sandoval et al. estimated the uncertainties of different sampling strategies and confirmed that method 3 delivers the most accurate estimation of EMC, independently of the selected sampling interval or the size of the catchment.
“The results confirm that method 3 delivers the most accurate estimation of EMC, independently of the selected sampling interval or the size of the catchment.”
From Micropollutants in Urban Stormwater Runoff of Different Land Uses (2021) · cites this paper as Sandoval et al. [35]
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Micropollutants in Urban Stormwater Runoff of Different Land Uses
Wicke, D., Matzinger, A., Sonnenberg, H., Caradot, N., Schubert, R.-L., Dick, R., Heinzmann, B., Dünnbier, U., von Seggern, D., & Rouault, P. (2021) · Water · doi:10.3390/w13091312 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Sandoval, S., Bertrand-Krajewski, J.-L., Caradot, N., Hofer, T., & Gruber, G.
- Affiliations
- Université de Lyon (FR)
- Berlin Centre of Competence for Water (DE)
- Graz University of Technology (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Sandoval, Santiago
- Venue
- Water Science and Technology
- Publisher
- IWA Publishing
- Published
- 2018-09-26
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1407-1416
- ISSN
- 0273-1223 (ISSN-L)
- 1996-9732
- OpenAlex
- W2895556209
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 0.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Water Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Keywords
- total suspended solids, event mean concentration, sampling error, sampling interval, combined sewer overflows, separate sewerage, runoff volume, sample volume, rainfall event detection, urban watersheds, stormwater quality
- MeSH terms
- Austria, Berlin, Environmental Monitoring, France, Germany, Rain, Water Movements, Water Supply
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