Osteoporosis: Mechanism, Molecular Target and Current Status on Drug Development
Open accessAbstract
Osteoporosis is a pathological loss of bone mass due to an imbalance in bone remodeling where osteoclast-mediated bone resorption exceeds osteoblast-mediated bone formation resulting in skeletal fragility and fractures. Anti-resorptive agents, such as bisphosphonates and SERMs, and anabolic drugs that stimulate bone formation, including PTH analogues and sclerostin inhibitors, are current treatments for osteoporosis. Despite their efficacy, severe side effects and loss of potency may limit the long term usage of a single drug. Sequential and combinational use of current drugs, such as switching from an anabolic to an anti-resorptive agent, may provide an alternative approach. Moreover, there are novel drugs being developed against emerging new targets such as Cathepsin K and 17β-HSD2 that may have less side effects. This review will summarize the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis, current drugs for osteoporosis treatment, and new drug development strategies.
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Osteoporosis is characterized by changes in bone homeostasis that lead to reduced bone mass, impaired bone quality, and increased risk of fractures.
“The condition is characterized by changes in bone homeostasis, which lead to reduced bone mass, impaired bone quality, and an increased risk of fractures.”
From Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
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References 165 · Cited by 226
- Authors
- Li, H., Xiao, Z., Quarles, L. D., & Li, W.
- Affiliations
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163,United States
- Corresponding author
- Quarles, L. Darryl
- Venue
- Current Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1489-1507
- ISSN
- 0929-8673 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7665836
- OpenAlex
- W3013665133
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 165
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R61-AR073518, R01-AR071930)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Bone health and treatments
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, bone remodeling, bone resorption, bone formation, antiresorptive agents, bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, sclerostin inhibitors, combination therapy, cathepsin K, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, drug development, molecular mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Drug Development, Humans, Osteoclasts, Osteoporosis, Bone Remodeling, Anabolic Agents, Bone Density Conservation Agents
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