Efflux Pumps in Drug Resistance of Candida
Abstract
The incidences of human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans and its related species acquiring resistance to antifungals have increased considerably, which poses serious problems towards its successful chemotherapy. The resistance of these pathogenic fungi is not restricted to the commonly used triazole compounds but is even encountered, though not often, with polyene derivatives as well. The efflux pump proteins belonging to ABC (ATP Binding Cassette) and MFS (Major Facilitators) super family are the most prominent contributors of multidrug resistance (MDR) in yeasts. The abundance of the drug transporters and their wider specificity suggest that these transporters may not be exclusively drug exporters in yeasts and may have other cellular functions. In this article we focus on some of the recent advances on the structure and function, evolution and transcriptional control of drug efflux proteins of Candida. A short discussion on the physiological relevance of drug transporters is also included.
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Overexpression of efflux pumps Cdr1, Cdr2, or Mdr1 is a common way adopted by C. albicans to detoxify itself from xenobiotics.
“Indeed, overexpression of the efflux pumps Cdr1, Cdr2, or Mdr1 is a common way adopted by C. albicans to detoxify itself from xenobiotics [100]; P. aeruginosa does the same with MexAB-OprM and MexXY-OprM [101], and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium increases the levels of AcrB to excrete β-lactam antibiotics [102].”
From Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications (2021) · cites this paper as [100]
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References 1 · Cited by 64
- Authors
- Prasad, R., Gaur, N., Gaur, M., & Komath, S.
- Affiliations
- Jawaharlal Nehru University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Gaur, M.
- Komath, S.
- Venue
- Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2006-06-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 69-83
- ISSN
- 1871-5265 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2072963835
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Keywords
- efflux pumps, Candida albicans, antifungal resistance, multidrug resistance, ABC transporters, major facilitator superfamily, triazole resistance, polyene resistance, drug transporters, transcriptional regulation, transporter evolution, yeast pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Humans, Models, Biological, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal
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