2 Toward a Psychology of Well- Being for Language Learners: The ‘EMPATHICS’ Vision
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Many factors in EMPATHICS, such as character strengths, hope, empathy, and resilience, have not been addressed in EFL/ESL language teaching and learning.
“As argued by Oxford (2016), many of the factors in EMPATHICS, such as character strengths, hope, empathy, and resilience have not been addressed in EFL/ESL language teaching and learning, which means that language education research can benefit from attention to this important factors by theoretically drawing on positive psychology.”
From Researching and Practicing Positive Psychology in Second/Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: The Past, Current Status and Future Directions (2021) · cites this paper as Oxford (2016)
Oxford expanded the PERMA model and renamed it EMPATHICS, including nine components: emotion and empathy, meaning and motivation, perseverance, agency and autonomy, time, hardiness and habits of mind, intelligences, character strengths, and self factors.
“Later, after reviewing the extant theoretical literature in the area, Oxford (2016) expanded this model and renamed it as EMPATHICS, including the nine components of (1) Emotion and empathy, (2) Meaning and motivation, (3) Perseverance, including hope, resilience, and optimism, (4) Agency and autonomy, (5) Time, (6) Hardiness and habits of mind, (7) Intelligences, (8) Character strengths, and (9)”
From Researching and Practicing Positive Psychology in Second/Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: The Past, Current Status and Future Directions (2021) · cites this paper as Oxford (2016)
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Cited by 225
- Authors
- Oxford, R. L.
- Corresponding author
- Oxford, Rebecca L.
- ORCID
- Oxford, Rebecca L.
- Venue
- Positive Psychology in SLA
- Publisher
- Multilingual Matters
- Published
- 2016-12-31
- Pages
- 10-88
- OpenAlex
- W2800870566
- Cited by
- 225
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 57.56
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Multilingual Matters eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Keywords
- well-being, language learners, psychology of well-being, student motivation
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