Age and remission of personality pathology in the psychotic disorders compared to mood and/or anxiety disorders
Open accessAbstract
In order to explore age-related differences in personality pathology between psychotic disorder (PSD) and mood and/or anxiety disorder (MAD) among psychiatric outpatients, 2,354 subjects were sampled randomly from outpatients in Shanghai and divided into two groups: PSD (N = 951) and MAD (N = 1403). Dimensional scores for personality disorder (PD) traits were assessed by using a self-reported personality diagnostic questionnaire (PDQ4+). Significant age differences were observed in most of the PD traits in MAD patients. Cluster B and C PD traits displayed an apparent decrease with age in MAD group, but such decline trend was not evident in PSD group. In both groups, the decline of self-reported Cluster A PD traits were less visible than the other clusters. Age-related mellowing of some PD traits such as "dramatic, erratic, anxious" occurred primarily in MAD patients; however the same traits in PSD patients appear to be less resistant to aging. Besides, "old eccentric" PD traits in both MAD and PSD patients seem to be maintained and less modified by aging.
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BPD traits are more pronounced in younger individuals, and symptom severity tends to decrease with age.
“Previous research has indicated that BPD traits are more pronounced in younger individuals, with the severity of symptoms tending to decrease with age (11, 12).”
From Age-related differences in borderline personality disorder traits and childhood maltreatment: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
The Introduction reports fewer borderline personality disorder diagnoses in older patients, and the Results find higher Cluster B trait scores in younger than older participants. But the paper does not report a BPD-specific measure of symptom severity; its cross-sectional design also cannot establish that an individual’s symptoms decrease as they age. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAs individuals age, there may be a natural decrease in BPD traits and the influence of CM, as individuals develop coping mechanisms and emotional regulation strategies over time.
“First, as individuals age, there may be a natural decrease in BPD traits (12) and the influence of CM, as individuals develop coping mechanisms and emotional regulation strategies over time.”
From Age-related differences in borderline personality disorder traits and childhood maltreatment: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
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References 44 · Cited by 19
- Authors
- Zhang, T., Good, M.-J. D., Good, B. J., Chow, A., Wang, L., Dai, Y., & Xiao, Z.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Harvard University (US)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Xiao, Zeping
- Venue
- The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 241-255
- ISSN
- 0033-278X (ISSN-L)
- 0091-2174
- 1541-3527
- PMC
- PMC4144994
- OpenAlex
- W2074540522
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Fogarty International Center (5 D43 TW05809, D43TW005809)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- personality pathology, personality disorder traits, age differences, remission, psychosis, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychiatric outpatients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Anxiety Disorders, China, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Personality, Psychotic Disorders, Remission Induction, Mood Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Young Adult
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