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Cited by 5Mobile Health and mHealth ApplicationsDiabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Management and Research

Effects of Feedback From Self-Monitoring Devices on Lifestyle Changes in Workers with Diabetes: 3-Month Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

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Nagata, Tomohisa, Aoyagi, Sona-Sanae, Takahashi, Minekazu, Nagata, Masako, Mori, Koji·2022·JMIR Formative Research
DOI 10.2196/23261PMC PMC9399840
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Abstract

Background: Although lifestyle interventions are useful in the prevention and management of diabetes, they can be expensive and time-consuming. There is some evidence on the effectiveness of automated mobile technology for health self-monitoring; however, few studies have used such devices in the occupational health field. Objective: We aimed to examine the effectiveness of a digital self-monitoring device on glucose levels and activity of workers with diabetes in Japan. The primary outcomes were changes in blood glucose levels, and the secondary outcomes were changes in weight and BMI. Methods: A 2-arm randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted with workers from 23 organizations. The intervention group (n=50) wore an armband activity monitor, a body composition monitor, and a blood pressure monitor for 3 months and received semiautomated weekly email messages tailored to their device data. The control group (n=53) engaged in no self-monitoring. Messages were developed by a physician and a dietician. Postintervention changes in blood glucose levels, weight, and BMI were compared between the intervention and control groups, using blood tests and questionnaires. Results: At the end of 3 months, the intervention group showed significantly lower blood glucose levels (HbA1c: intervention group mean 6.4% (SD 0.3%) vs control group mean 6.6% (SD 0.3%); Cohen d=0.7, 95% CI 0.2-1.1; P=.009). There were no significant between-group differences in weight and BMI. Conclusions: Mobile digital self-monitoring was effective in improving blood glucose levels in workers with diabetes. The use of digital health devices is a cost-effective way of implementing health self-monitoring for large numbers of individuals in the workplace. However, due to the large volume of missing values in this study, we need to be careful in interpreting the results, and well-designed intervention studies need to be conducted. Trial Registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network UMIN000023651; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/icdr/ctr_view_cb.cgi?recptno=R000027244&flwp_key=1008PYbOcXKmk7CAg4Th1FWS

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Authors
Nagata, T., Aoyagi, S.-S., Takahashi, M., Nagata, M., & Mori, K.
Affiliations
University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan (JP)
Corresponding author
Nagata, Tomohisa
ORCID
Venue
JMIR Formative Research
Publisher
JMIR Publications Inc.
Published
2022-08-09
Volume
6
Issue
8
Pages
e23261
ISSN
2561-326X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2196/23261
PMC
PMC9399840
OpenAlex
W4285074161
Cited by
5
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3
FWCI
1.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • JMIR Formative Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16K19264)
  • Agency for Natural Resources and Energy
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
diabetes mellitus, self-monitoring, digital health devices, blood glucose, workplace health promotion, wearable activity trackers, body composition monitoring, blood pressure monitoring, email feedback, lifestyle intervention, occupational health

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